Movie Marketing Madness: TRON Legacy

The world of computer gaming has changed more than a little over the last 20 or 25 years. Even just 15 years ago when I was in college you could go to a local mall and find an honest to goodness arcade, a dankly lit area with dozens of video game machines that were just sitting there begging not only for your quarters but also an hour or more of your time. Their allure was particularly strong on those with either no social lives of their own or who were desperately trying to get somewhere on time but figured five minutes wouldn’t hurt but who soon looked at their watch to find they’d lost 45 minutes playing Street Fighter.

It’s possible I have some experience both both of these scenarios.

More than that the state of computing has changed significantly in that time. 30 years ago personal computing was really just getting started. At some point in my childhood someone down the street had an Apple IIE, my grade school had machines that we could play Oregon Trail on and eventually my parents got us a Tandy home computer. Serious programming, though, wasn’t being done on these machines because they still weren’t powerful enough. Instead that was relegated to the huge mainframes at companies with dozens of workers at dummy terminals, all of whom were vying for limited system resources to see if their work would bear fruit.

Much of the change in all of this has been documented on film. Go watch The Princess Bride and check out the game Fred Savage is playing at the movie’s opening. Then put in Mallrats and see the game that has Jason Lee so enraptured he gives up nookie with his girlfriend. Watch Ferris Bueller’s Day Off and check out the pre-Windows environment Matthew Broderick uses to hack in to the school’s computer to change the number of days he’s been absent. There are countless examples like this where the tech that’s caught on camera now seems something even more than antiquated.

No movie is more a snapshot of a technological moment on multiple levels than 1982′s TRON. Not only does it feature an incredibly cool video game arcade…not only does it take place at a technology firm and feature a great shot of those dummy terminals in a sea of soul-crushing cubicles…but it also completes the trifecta by featuring some of the first, and certainly the most extensive use of, computer graphics used in furtherance of the movie’s story.

The movie follows Flynn (Jeff Bridges) as he tries to uncover evidence that his old corporate rival stole the ideas for a handful of now successful videogames. He enlists the help of Alan (Bruce Boxleitner) and his former girlfriend Lora (Cindy Morgan) but is captured by the increasingly intelligent Master Control Program and transported to the Game Grid, sucked inside the computer world where he has to act as a champion for all the oppressed programs, which has the side effect of getting him not only his old job back but a new position as the head of Encom.

While beloved by its fans over the last 28 years, the movie was not a huge success. Some of us, though, have kept the TRON flame alive and continued to champion it as not only being incredibly innovative but also a lot of fun.

Fast forward to 2010. The iPhone many of us carry around in our pockets is more powerful than that Tandy I had all those years ago. Gaming doesn’t happen in arcades but online, either in massively immersive worlds like Call of Duty or on social networks where people have setup and tend virtual farms.

Into this new world comes, unexpectedly, another visit to the world of Encom and Kevin Flynn. TRON: Legacy takes place years after the unexpected disappearance of Flynn (Bridges). His now grown son Sam (Garrett Hedlund) has long given up hope of his father resurfacing but then one day Alan (Boxleitner) comes and drops a clue in his lap. That clue leads Sam onto the Game Grid himself in a search for his father. While he does indeed find him there we see things have changed. Flynn is now a sort of monk in the virtual world, seeking to defend things from an updated – and now malevolent – version of the Clu program he created almost 30 years ago to find those incriminating files. Helping Sam find his way in-world is Quorra (Olivia Wilde), who guides Sam through the rules of the games and fills him in on what his father has been doing while he’s been absent from the real world.

Marketing a sequel that’s not only 28 years after the original but also the follow-up to a movie that wasn’t a box-office success (despite it’s subsequent cult status) can’t be an easy task for Disney but they’ve put on a full-court press. Let’s take a look at how this one’s being marketed in a world of technology that wouldn’t have been imaginable 30 years ago.

The Posters
The first teaser poster is pretty simple. The film’s title treatment appears up top while three light-cycles, a blue one in the middle with yellow ones flanking it on either side, speed forward at the bottom. It’s simple but elegant visually while the copy at the top makes it clear that, as it says, “The game has changed.”

A second teaser gave us a clearer look at the upgraded lightcycles from the movie, this time from the side so we can see more of the machine. This was in line, in terms of look and feel, with the series of banners and ads that were produced more than anything, but in terms of sheer poster design it accomplishes what it needs to by presenting a look at the upgraded versions of something that’s become iconic from the first movie.

The theatrical poster was much more encompassing than the teasers and very cool. In the background are new versions of some classic things such as the sail ship that glides on a beam of light and a regulator about to bring the smackdown on some rogue program. There are also cityscapes off in the distance, including one with an I/O tower that communicates with the outside world, just like we saw in the first movie.

In the foreground are Hedlund and Wilde, him with his arms outstretched and reaching for or releasing an information disk in a very close recreation of the pose the main figures were in on the poster for the first movie. For some reason they’re kind of blurred out, which I guess is supposed to make it seem more digital but which at first had me thinking my computer screen was screwed up. That aside, the evoking of the original’s marketing and everything else that’s dropped in to the design sells the movie very clearly as the next entry in the franchise and as a TRON for a new generation.

A later series of posters took the theatrical one-sheet and put it in the middle between images of Clu 2.0 standing in front of an army of Regulators and very cool jets on one side and an aged Flynn on the other, clearly pitting the two incarnations against each other.



The Trailers

In the summer of 2008, no one had any idea that a sequel to Tron was seriously in development. There were rumors that popped up about twice a year, but most of those resulted in the conclusion that Disney was just none too hot on the idea of revisiting the idea.

All that changed, though, at that year’s San Diego Comic-Con. During a general Disney movie panel at the event a teaser for something else ended, but the room remained dark. When the screen came back up the audience was shocked and surprised to be presented with what appeared to be new and improved lightcycle sequence, with the riders moving around each other in new, more fluid ways. Interspersed in this footage were scenes of Jeff Bridges, still sporting his Obadiah Stane beard from Iron Man, walking around a high-class penthouse or some other such dwelling. At the end, the title “TR2N” was displayed on-screen, though by that time the assembled geeks had pretty much passed out from over-stimulation.

And I’m only slightly exaggerating here. To say it was enormously well-received would be a drastic understatement, with full-length features praising it being written about what was a three-minute or so clip.

The footage was reportedly assembled by Joseph Kosinski, who was rumored to be the director of choice on the project, as sort of a proof-of-concept reel to convince Disney execs that the movie could be done.

Then came news a first trailer would appear one year later at the 2009 San Diego Comic-Con.

That didn’t quite come to pass, as what got released was basically a cleaned-up version of the footage that was shown off in 2008, but officially. Indeed it was even still labeled there as being “VFX Concept Test” footage. Even so, the scene does a great job of showing off a modernized take on the Tron world and hints at a much darker story that the audience can expect, what with the program version of Flynn seemingly killing someone in cold blood and intoning that it’s no longer just a game while the human version of Flynn, now living within the computer world, looks on unemotionally.

The first full theatrical trailer, released new two years after the first rumblings, provided audiences with a bit of backstory and setup as to what we can expect from this new installment.

It starts out with Bruce Boxleitner talking with Sam Flynn, the son of Jeff Bridges’ character, about an odd call he received from Flynn’s Arcade, a number that’s been disconnected for 20 years. Sam, needing to see what’s going on, then speeds down there on his motorcycle (presaging the skills he’ll need in-world) and enters the moth-balled establishment, not all that different from how we left it at the end of the original. When the lens rises behind Sam we know what’s going to happen and indeed he is soon transported to the virtual world, where we see him driving tanks, participating in games and, at the end, riding that light-cycle like we knew he would. We also get glimpses of a bunch of other characters, most of whom seem to be up to no good, except for Olivia Wilde who is this movie’s Cindy Morgan in her tight-fitting costume and knee-high boots luxuriating on a couch.

This initial spot is a pretty effective one, planting enough of the old clues there to have fans of the original getting excited about a return to this world while also showing a younger audience that it’s not going to be all about rolling out the old actors and engaging in nothing but nostalgia. It’s slick, it moves at a nice clip and gets the point across that we’re taking a new adventure in an old world.

In conjunction with the movie’s appearance at 2010′s Comic-Con a second full trailer was released that expanded our look at the movie’s story even more. It starts off with Flynn talking to a pre-teen Sam about some incredible story before jumping to the present day and a now-grown Sam hearing about the mysterious page sent from his dad’s old office. Before long Sam is in the computer world and fighting for his life. But before that he’s brought before Clu, the program his father created and which bears his father’s face.

While this trailer has lots of great action sequences and visuals, the added elements here all come from the setup of some sort of conflict between Clu and Flynn, who now lives in the computer world exclusively as some sort of monk or something. That’s a very cool element to tease and one that looks like it will certainly make the film all that much more exciting.

The third and final trailer expanded on that conflict even more. It starts out in the past once again, with Sam seeing his father for the last time before jumping to the older Sam getting the news of the weird page and investigating the moth-balled arcade. We then see him entering the world of the grid and eventually being reunited with his father, who explains that things are not going well in this virtual world. After some setup we see Clu 2.0 calling Kevin Flynn out and eventually all the good guys going to war with the bad guys.

This trailer sells it as much more of an action movie in and of itself and not just a trip down nostalgia lane. It more clearly shows the highpoints of the entire story arc, from the issues of abandonment that Sam feels to his relief at finding his father alive to the conflict that he now finds himself thrust into the middle of. It certainly feels like the most fully-rounded and, I think, have the biggest impact in terms of reaching a general audience that isn’t simply looking for a return to a beloved favorite film from someone’s childhood.

Online

The official website opens by playing the third and final trailer. Once it’s closed you’ll see a box prompting you to buy tickets as well as a rotating image of pull quotes from reviews of the movie.

As the site loads you get a series of messages about high security clearance being needed and there being an identity disc required and all that before the “matter transformation sequence fully puts you on the game grid.

After that happens the first section listed in the site’s main content menu off to the left is “Ride the Light Cycle,” which lets you explore different parts of the game grid on your vehicle. That’s tied to the next section, “Create Your Program, which guides you through the making of your own TRON character that matches your personality.

“Games” has not only a handful of online games you can play ranging from a Light Cycle game to a DJ activity to “Classic TRON” with games that evoke the consoles of yore in battles straight out of the first movie.

There are a ton of videos in, appropriately, “Videos” that range from the original FX Test footage and all the trailers to several featurette type videos hosted by either Wilde or Hedlund that introduce characters, talk about the world of TRON or give other information.

“TRON Movies” has a synopsis not only of the new movie but also of the 1982 original. The “Characters” section is similarly divided, giving us brief dossiers on the characters. “Cast” gives us filmographies and career histories of the major members of the cast.

The “World of TRON” section is broken up into a number of areas that focus on the Vehicles, Weapons, Locations, Lexicon, a Chronology that hits all the major milestones from and between both movies to give you a sense of what has happened when, including the Flynn Lives movement, and finally Story that lays out more of the reason why Flynn is stuck in the virtual world and what the dangers there are.

“Images” contains images ranging from the posters and promotional material to official stills to the Marvel Comics tie-in covers (more on that later).

There are a variety of printable materials in “Activities” that will allow you to make 3D Light Cycles, door hangers and more. “Downloads,” meanwhile, has all the Posters, some Wallpapers, Buddy Icons and Screensavers for you to download and show off.

There’s a stream of information updates in “News” but unfortunately no RSS feed to connect with or subscribe to for further updates.

There’s something for everyone in “Products,” where you can check out the vast array of licensed merchandise that’s been created ranging from action figures to high-end electronic equipment to women’s shoes and just about everything in-between. “Partners” has the names of some of the film’s promotional partner companies but there aren’t links or further explanations of what those cross-promotions entail.

Finally “Sweepstakes” has information on all the things you can win by participating and entering that sweepstakes, including trips to Disney theme parks and other prizes.

The movie’s Facebook page included the usual number of photos, videos and updates about the film but there was also a very cool feature called Get on the Grid. It’s basically a variation on the “upload your photo” concept but with a cool twist – it lets you upload your photo into the VFX test footage that acted as the initial teaser trailer and which first got people talking about the movie.

The website for the movie’s soundtrack wound up being a pretty significant part of the campaign as well, giving people a first listen and look to the contributions from Daft Punk

The movie was, as promised, on the list of movies Disney was bringing to Comic-Con 2009. Just prior to that appearance various webmasters began receiving a package with two tokens emblazoned with “Flynn’s Arcade” on them and a USB drive with a small picture on it. When various people put together the puzzle using those pictures it led them to find FlynnLives.com, a site devoted to tracking reports related to Kevin Flynn (Bridges’ character in the movies), who apparently disappeared in 1989 and has only been sighted a handful of times since then. All this lent credence to speculation that the new film’s plot would be devoted to the search for Flynn in some way shape or form. There was also HomeofTron.com, a site devoted to one fan’s collection of memories from the arcade.

A countdown clock on that site prompted Comic-Con 09 attendees to hit a certain location at a certain time, a countdown that ultimately lead them to Flynn’s Arcade, where there were plenty of video games to play and, eventually, a peak at the redesigned light-cycle from the new movie.

The “viral” (yes, I’m going to go swallow my own tongue after saying that) campaign revved back up in February when webmasters and movie blog writers started getting packages containing various versions of Bit, the digital sidekick of Flynn in the first movie. Some people got “neutral” incarnations, some “No” but all the packages directed the recipients to a Zero Hour site that had Bit counting down to some new event.

When that countdown finally reached its end-point what was revealed was a scavenger hunt in a number of cities that pointed people to specific locations in those cities where they were instructed to say the secret password, with a select few getting a Tron card and cell phone which, presumably, would be used to contact them later on in the game and some other goodies. Along with that a new picture was unveiled on the FlynnLives site which also now included forums where people could discuss their theories behind Flynn’s mysterious disappearance, more information on Encom (the company that figures massively into the story) and more. There was also information that resulted about an exclusive IMAX event posted to the site for The Pit Cell, the location that was shown in the revealed pit.

That IMAX did, as many suspected it would, debut a second teaser trailer, one that featured the first real movie footage and gave some glimpses as to the film’s story. That trailer would be attached a week later to Disney’s Alice in Wonderland. That second trailer was eventually released online (about a week later) but only after, once again, an online puzzle was solved by the audience. That resulted in a site being discovered where people could apply to become Encom employees, applications that then led to them getting employee badges that allowed them to access an intranet and more, with the clues leading to a major event at WonderCon in early April.

Operation Tron, as it was dubbed, wound up being an event that took the campaign into the real world. Set as a press conference by Encom’s Alan Bradley (Boxleitner, in person and in character) announcing a revamp of the company’s iconic Space Paranoids game, the event was then interrupted by Flynn Lives protesters and eventually Sam Flynn himself, who jumped on to the stage to lambast Encom for giving up on the search for his father. Some of the footage of Boxleitner from the event was then re-purposed as a trailer for Space Paranoids Online.

The game then took a turn and started to focus on Sam Flynn more, with various clues being dropped as to his whereabouts and what he was up to.

As that was happening the online playable Space Paranoids did indeed debut and, as someone who grew up with the original movie and dreamed of playing the game featured in it, it was awesome.

A later game popped up on a Japanese Encom site that, when completed, unlocked yet another page on the FlynnLives site.

A while passed that was filled in with more formal marketing materials before another game component was released that, when it was deciphered, revealed a website that promoted Tron Night 2010, which would be taking place on October 28th. That night would see select IMAX theaters across the country showing off 20 minutes of exclusive footage (New York Times, 10/11/10) from the movie in an attempt to get people excited about the rest of the movie.

The game continued with the launch of ArcadeAid.com, a site for a business that repaired the arcade games of yesteryear. A later game on that site unlocked even more secret sites, including FlynnFrontier, which has information about the three books Kevin Flynn authored before disappearing, and others which had more clues and downloadable media for people to view and unlock, all of which continued to build up the mythology.

Advertising and Cross-Promotions

Outdoor advertising was done as well, with the movie’s title and imagery appearing on outdoor billboards and even on the monorails run within Disney theme parks (a Voce client, btw), which were turned into light-cycles.

Indeed the outdoor portion of the campaign was pretty huge, as the studio used a 12-month long buyout of a Los Angeles area billboard to debut a number of new images from the movie throughout the time leading up to release. Later on that outdoor effort included some huge building-side ads that featured little but the movie’s title, which lit up at night.

More banners, this time vertically oriented, were later unveiled that featured the two primary characters.

There was also plenty of print advertising done, with Anne Thompson reporting that several days worth of wrap-around ads for the movie with the Los Angeles Times, something sure to be mostly a vanity move but also signaling the studio’s level of commitment to the movie.

TV advertising began to pick up in early November with spots that largely mimicked the trailers, showing the story of Sam Flynn as he seeks out his missing father when strange events begin occurring 20 years after he disappeared.

Disney also become the premiere user (Advertising Age, 12/14/10) of Apple’s new iAds for iPads with promotions for the movie showing up in applications on that tablet device.

Several months before the movie was released Disney also announced it was developing an animated TV show that would debut in late 2011 or early 20102, but further details were not made public initially.

There was also the news that Marvel Comics would be publishing a two-issue limited series that would act as a prequel to the movie’s story.

Disney worked with entertainment check-in service GetGlue to create stickers (ClickZ, 9/22/10) for Tron that rewarded certain behaviors – ranging from watching the trailer to watching the movie itself – with stickers on the network.

Tie-in products ranged from the common place to the outright surreal. On the one hand, a series of promotional covers from Marvel Comics that had some characters wearing TRON-like outfits made sense, especially in light of Disney now owning Marvel. But some ladies high-heel shoes were just odd.

A whole series of tie-in clothing and other merchandise was featured at a one-of-a-kind pop-up shop in Culver City, CA where apparel from Oakley and other partners was available, all of it very cool.

While Coors beer was featured in the movie that wasn’t part of any promotional deal, even if it did get a bit of press (New York Times 11/28/10) about how it was selected by the director based largely on the fact that he like the color of the cans.

Coca-Cola was a promotional partner and created a free mobile app titled “LiveCycle” that tapped into a phone’s GPS to turn you into a light-cycle and pitted you against others in your area who also had the app installed.

HP, a technology partner on the movie, also helped promote it by creating a huge outdoor production in conjunction with the studio to show off the cool work it had done.

Progressive Insurance’s participation seems to have primarily taken the form of sponsoring the “Sweepstakes” portion of the movie’s official site.

Nokia (another Voce client) worked with Disney to preload some Nokia N8 devices with movie trailers and made other material available through their Ovi Store. There was also a contest to win tickets to the movie’s premiere.

Norelco created (Promo Magazine, 12/14/10) a page on their site that featured movie games and offered people who both one of their SensoTouch 3D razors and a movie ticket a mail-in rebate.

Media and Publicity

Given the movie’s history at Comic-Con it was appropriate that it was there in 2009 that the movie got a real title: Tron Legacy, which sounds much better than the earlier versions. The official title was attached to the teaser footage screened during the movie’s panel session, footage that eventually went online as mentioned above.

Also on the convention-related front was a push for the movie at Disney’s D23 fan convention in September of 2009 that included some full-size light-cycles on display and more.

Right smack dab in the middle of the online ARG that was going on there came news that Disney had already tapped the movie’s writers to pen a follow-up film, signaling the studio’s belief that this movie would perform well enough to warrant a third in the series.

Disney brought the movie back to Comic-Con again in 2010, a remarkable third year in a row for the film, though this time with a much expanded presence. Dubbed “ComiTRON,” this appearance started with some banners flown outside the convention center and later included a full panel presentation with the cast and crew and a show floor booth that gave fans a look at some of the licensed merchandise that would be hitting store shelves in the near future.

At this latest Comic-Con another fully interactive experience was created, with people prompted to follow the clues given out by a Twitter feed which led once again to Flynn’s Arcade, now dusty and abandoned but which then opened to bring people into the world of Tron.

There was a lot – probably too much – made of a story that emerged about how the movie had been shown to Pixar’s Michael Arndt and Brad Bird, who were asked for their take and who subsequently provided some select rewrites as well as overall story guidance. This sort of things happens fairly often, I’m guessing, but anything involving Pixar sets some people’s radars off.

It was after 2010 Comic-Con that the marketing really kicked in to high gear – a shift in momentum that warranted its own press (New York Times, 7/26/10) – as the more traditional elements of TV spots and other materials took over for the word-of-mouth that Disney had been building over the course of the last three years. Basically having more or less secured the fans, now the studio needed to sell the movie to the general public who may or may not be aware of, much less devotees of, the original.

Also on the experiential front was ElecTRONica, a “dance party” event that was held at Disney California Adventure Park. (Disclosure: Disney Parks is a client of Voce and we are involved in the management of the Disney Parks Blog.) The event/experience brought people in to the movie’s world, with another recreation of Flynn’s Arcade, live entertainment and more.

That exposure was just one element of a broader strategy to make the movie accessible outside the niche of tech-geeks or ardent fans of the original and instead position it as a relate-able tale of finding connections in a wired world.

Even the self-promotional tactics got publicity in the outside press such as when the movie-centered focus of an upcoming issue of Disney’s fan magazine got previewed by Wired (10/23/10) in advance of its publication.

Attitudes toward the original also were the subject of handful of press stories, most of which served to remind us that the first movie was a box-office disappointment. There was also a healthy amount of conspiracy theory mixed in, though, particularly around how Disney didn’t seem to be going out of its way to make sure people had even seen the film. Most of that focused around the lack of new Blu-ray edition in advance of the movie but the paranoia kind of reached its height when it was speculated (LAT, 11/10/10) that the studio was purposely making DVDs of TRON hard to find so people wouldn’t see it, apparently out of fear modern audiences would find it “cheesy.” Much of that was refuted, though, and no conspiracy was being run after all, the studio just had other plans and things were proceeding accordingly.

There was no end of discussion about the original in the press, though, with many stories referencing the techniques employed to make that movie (LAT, 12/6/12) or the technological environment it was created as part of. There was even some talk (Popular Mechanics, 12/9/10) about how the effects in this sequel would appear 20 or so years down the road.

Since this was Kosinski’s first movie there was also plenty of coverage dealing with that angle and pointing out how unusual it is that such a large tentpole release, something that’s being openly eyed as the relaunch of a franchise, would get a relatively unseasoned director (NYT, 12/5/12).

Overall

Ordinarily with campaigns of this size I say something about how they’re “too big to fail” or whatever the popular phraseology is, basically concluding that if the campaign is this massive there’s almost no way the movie can fail at the box office.

With TRON: Legacy, though, I’m not too sure. That’s not to say that I don’t think the campaign works or that I think the movie is going to bomb, neither of which are true. It’s just that since this is a sequel to a movie that didn’t do well when it came out 30 years ago there’s an inherent disadvantage that it’s operating from.

Aside from that, though, there is an awful lot to this campaign. And much of it walks the line between trying to appeal to the nostalgia that’s felt by people like me who not only remember the original fondly but continue to be fans and trying to introduce this new story to a new generation. There are breadcrumbs all throughout the campaign that are geared toward older fans but which aren’t going to get in the way of newer audiences becoming interested in the movie.

Certainly the substantial press effort has been instrumental in getting the audience primed for the film, with exhaustive coverage of most all facets of the production being documented in the press ever since the initial Comic-Con debut. A good chunk of that has been focused on the technical aspects of the movie, with seeming little attention paid to the human actors (outside of Olivia Wilde) who are actually doing their thing in the film.

What the studio has done best, though, is to keep people talking about TRON for about two and a half years without it feeling like things are all played out. The constant appearances at Comic-Con, the ARG that led to the release of various marketing materials and all that press coverage adds up to a sizable campaign that only rarely begins to wear out its welcome or become too much. That’s a decent trick to pull off.

When it comes down to it, though, I like this campaign a lot. Again, though, I need to state clearly that I’m predisposed to like this and be anticipating the movie so this campaign has worked on me pretty well. I get what it is the studio is selling and, most importantly, I’m anxious to buy.

PICKING UP THE SPARE:

  • 12/15/10: The movie’s graphic novel adaptation is getting the motion comics treatment, with that being sold through the iTunes App Store.
  • 12/16/10: The breadth of the film’s tie ins, cross-media promotional activity and other marketing is examined by the LAT as it looks at how Disney has pulled out all the stops for this release.

Movie Marketing Madness: Inception

We all have our own personal experiences with dreams. Some of us dream in black and white, some in full Technicolor with Dolby surround sound and eye-popping special effects. Some of our dreams are pretty boring and deal with driving to work while others meld together different areas of our life into one disorienting (especially when we wake up) new reality. What always struck me as fascinating, though, is that according to most people we don’t remember 90 percent of our dreams. They’re just gone and don’t leave that residue others do when we wake up.

But what if someone could invade your dreams? Not only that, what if they could manipulate them to an extent that they use those dreams to penetrate the recess of your mind and learn whatever secrets you hold?

That’s the premise for Inception, the new movie from director Christopher Nolan. Seeking to extend the enormous goodwill from both audiences and critics he has following 2008′s The Dark Knight, Nolan has created another highly-glossed thinking-man’s thriller. The movie stars Leonardo DiCaprio as an agent of a company who has the ability to invade anyone’s dreams, a talent his company puts to use by trying to steal the corporate secrets of their client’s rivals. Before embarking on the biggest job of his career, though, he seeks to recruit an assistant and potential successor. To that end he enlists the aid of his mentor (Michael Caine) and finds a young woman (Ellen Page) who may be even better at the job and he is. Cillian Murphy, another veteran who has worked with Nolan before, plays the mark targeted by DiCaprio.

Inception was pegged early on in its production as one of the most-anticipated movies of 2010 and one that, despite it being almost wholly original and not based in some way on an existing franchise or property, could be a break-out hit this summer. As we’ll see all that thinking will come up more than once in the campaign and publicity. So let’s take a look.

The Posters

The initial teaser poster presented a suitably, in light of the previously released trailer, surreal image. DiCaprio stands knee deep in water in the middle of a city street, seemingly perfectly calm. This sort of image has been used plenty of times before in movies from Vanilla Sky to I Am Legend. The copy at the top “Your mind is the scene of the crime” compliments that design nicely since it makes it more clear to the audience that this is a psychological drama and that we can expect plenty of such weirdness in the film itself.

The second poster actually comes off as more of a teaser than the first one, with the movies title written on the tops of buildings that the camera is looking down on. It sports the same copy as the other one-sheet, with both also not naming Nolan specifically (outside the credit block) but making the claim that this comes from the director of The Dark Knight.

The next poster put most of the cast on the street, but this time instead of being knee-deep in water for no apparent reason you’ll see not only are they standing on the street, but they’re standing in front of another street that’s rising directly behind them. That continues to tell the audience that this movie is going to be about shifting realities – or at least shifting perceptions of reality. Despite getting top billing, DiCaprio is not that featured in the design of the poster as he’s just as far away from the camera as the rest of the cast. That, combined with his face not being directly seen on the first poster, tells me the studio is selling the premise more than the star power, despite the formidable cast.

A fourth poster brought the cast more in to focus but continued with the reality shifting motif. Yes, the actor’s faces were more front and center and easy to make out but they were all at odd angles walking along the outside of buildings that were upside down or in some other way contorted. It’s as if they were all walking around a Salvidor Dali painting, only without the melting clock in the background.

A series of seven character posters were later released that featured each of the main actors from the film as well as an identifier as to what their character’s role is. So DiCaprio is “The Extractor,” Murphy is “The Mark” and so on. All of them had the actor’s face appearing amidst the bent, rolling sea of buildings that’s similar to what we’ve seen in the trailers. They almost look like photo mosaics and come off with the same sort of cool vibe.

The Trailer

The first teaser trailer definitely set a spooky and mysterious mood for the movie. It plays up the movie’s artistic pedigree, especially director Nolan’s involvement, and while it’s light on plot it’s heavy on weird visuals, from the two guys bounding after each other on the walls of a hotel hallway to DiCaprio gasping for breath after emerging from a bathtub to that cool shot of the glass of water that’s on a severe angle. Again, this is all about setting a mood and not necessarily telling anyone what the movie is actually about and on that level it works really well.

The second trailer went a little – but only a little – bit deeper into the story. Through narrated voiceover, DiCaprio makes it clear that this is a psychological battle being waged as he intones about ideas being the most persistent parasites and most potent weapons. All this while various trippy visuals unfold around him as city streets fold over on themselves, various people seem to drown and buildings collapse around our main characters. There’s also a bit about his character needing to steal an idea which, combined with the on-the-nose text about the your mind being the scene of the crime, makes it clear that much of the movie will take place outside the physical world and its constraints.

A third trailer went even deeper into the plot. It more or less opens with DiCaprio recruiting Page into his operations, offering her a job as part of his sub-conscious intelligence gathering force. Much of this spot’s running time is spent hearing him explain what the job is and how it’s done to her, including the limited amount of rules that seem to exist for the job. Aside from and underneath that exposition we’re treated to all sorts of amazing visuals that represent the dream worlds that the characters create or have to navigate, from buildings folding up on themselves to entire seaboards collapsing. In addition to that there’s some brief nod to this being DiCaprio’s last job, or him hoping this will be his last job so that he can reunite with a lady love. At least that’s how it comes across in the trailer, though that aspect of the story is not fleshed out all that much.

Online

The landing page for the movie’s official website is quite different from those for most sites in that I’m not immediately assaulted by 17 options to click or view right at the outset. Instead the only prompt there aside from the Enter the Site button is an invitation to watch footage from the movie’s premiere and a performance of the score by Hans Zimmer and Johnny Marr.

After you do Enter the Site and it loads, the first thing you see is a recreation of one of the poster’s key art with Zimmer’s score playing over it.

The first section in the Menu is “About the Film.” The Synopsis that’s there does a better job in one paragraph of explaining what the movie’s about – at least from a plot standpoint – than all the trailers combined. There are also Cast and Filmmaker backgrounds and some PDF Notes you can download.

“Videos” has all three trailers and an extended spot that’s sort of a trailer called The Characters that introduces each of the main characters more individually. Unfortunately none of the many TV spots that have been running are here, which is too bad since some of them were quite good.

There are all the movie’s Posters, a Screensaver, a dozen or so Wallpapers and eight Buddy Icons in “Downloads.” About 40 stills, mostly from the movie but also including some featuring director Nolan, are found in the “Gallery.”

The “Sweepstakes” section just has links to the sites that have partnered on running sweepstakes in conjunction with the movie.

“Protect Your Thoughts” takes you to information from Verizon on the app they’ve created that is discussed more fully below.

The “Mind Crime Game” is kind of cool. You can play as either an Architect or an Extractor and, respectively, design your own maze or play someone else’s. If you play as an Extractor you run around a virtual city collecting clues to unlocking a safe with the mark’s secrets while trying not to be noticed by the pedestrians who populate the dream.

Finally, you can create your own poster by uploading an image to one of the templates and then having your image become part of the cityscape. Once you’ve finished you can share the result with your social networks or download it to admire forever.

The movie’s Facebook page is pretty standard, with updates on publicity and sweepstakes and such on the Wall and plenty of photos and more to view and download. There’s a heavy emphasis, especially in the last week or so, on the streaming (now archived) video from the movie’s premiere and other events. There are also a couple of tabbed sections such as Videos, Downloads and Gallery that are lifted straight from the official site, including the graphics and overall navigation.

An online ARG campaign that was pretty similar in execution to that of The Dark Knight though nowhere near that scale was run as well.

The first component of the ARG came when visitors to the official site in December realized they could click through to another site, YourMindIstheSceneoftheCrime, and after building and completing a maze game people were shown the first poster for the movie.

Next, a QR code included with swag that was handed out after Nolan’s appearance at WonderCon brought people to PasiDevice, a site that contained a user’s manual for the mysterious device used by DiCaprio’s character in the film.

The ARG continued with a video with researchers and scientists talking about REM sleep and the potential that exists for taking part in other people’s dreams in a more active and cognitive way than people participate in their own. Eventually a user’s manual for the PasiDevice was sent to Wired Magazine, who posted the pages online and asked readers to help decipher some of the instructions and clues that it included.

The game at that point moved further into the real world with outdoor posters and even TV spots that warned audience members about the dangers of mind crimes and dream theft and other issues that related to the movie’s plot. But the site QR codes on the posters pointed people to didn’t immediately provide clues or further the game, leading to some confusion among those actively playing along.

A very cool mobile game was developed called SCVNGR (MediaPost, 6/24/10) that asked people to get involved using their smart phones. Apps for iPhones or Android-powered devices were needed for people to check in at locations in 100 cities – including major landmarks and movie theaters – and then complete some sort of challenge tied to that location. In response players were given exclusive movie content and special badges. Some of those challenges involved taking photos and then sharing them across social networks, helping to spread the word of the movie.

There was also a Mind Crime Prevention app that was created exclusively for Verizon’s Droid (AdAge, 7/12/10) that was more about getting movie information than playing a game, though the corresponding website promised an experience in helping you learn how to protect your thoughts.

More straightforward was a 15-page preview comic that debuted on Yahoo! Movies that provided the lead-in to the movie’s story. We see DiCaprio’s character and his team engage on a mission that doesn’t go quite right but which then provides the lead-in to what we’ll see in the movie.

Advertising and Cross-Promotions

Despite the fact that this movie is not based on a comic book and not an animated kid’s film there was quite a bit of TV advertising done. A number of commercial spots were produced that more or less follow the format of the third trailer, introducing us to DiCaprio’s job and the weird worlds he deals in. Most of them also make it clear that it’s Page’s character who will be the audience’s “in” within the movie, the one who’s learning things so that we can learn them and the touch-point for the audience, giving us someone we can relate to as we’re shown one unbelievable thing after another.

Three later spots really upped the dramatic ante, making it clear that there were major stakes the characters faced and real consequences if they should fail to achieve those goals. They diverged quite a bit from the trailer’s format and showed much more action-filled plot elements, the better to lure in summer movie audiences looking for big guns and chase sequences.

In addition to more traditional outdoor ads that used just the title treatment or some sort of variation on one of the poster images, some really creative outdoor units were created in New York City that made it look like buildings were peeling or water rushing out of their windows. The photo below comes courtesy of Moishe Friedman.

Media and Publicity

Much of the publicity around the movie focused on just how big and different the movie was and how far director Nolan was reaching (Los Angeles Times, 1/13/10) with his artistic vision. Future features would follow suit (Los Angeles Times, 4/4/10) and be timed around the movie’s junket-esque appearance at WonderCon, where Nolan also spilled a few more details about the plot and showed up a clips package.

What was interesting was that since the movie was not, unlike so many others this summer, part of a franchise, the constant attention by the press on the director turned Nolan into the brand that audiences were expected and encouraged to latch on to. From those early stories through later features (New York Times, 6/30/10), Nolan was the hook in place of a toy line or comic book character that became the brand the publicity was rallying around and which the studio sought to turn into the familiar and nonthreatening audience draw.

There were even stories about just how hard the movie was to market (Hollywood Reporter, 7/9/10) and which made it sound like any comment about it being “brainy” or something similar was to be read as vague at best. The crux of this seemed to be an attempted level setting for the movie’s expectations in case it doesn’t turn out to be the smash of the summer that early buzz has set it up to be.

The supporting cast got a bit of notice as well as Nolan, as Page and Gordon-Levitt got interviewed (Los Angeles Times, 7/11/10) and profiled as being part of a group of young actors who are more concerned about their art and craft than in being on the party scene.

Whatever the primary focus, the overall theme in the press stories was that Inception was an unknown property (LAT, 7/13/10) and therefore represented a risky move by Warner Bros.

Buzz, of course, begets more buzz and the conversations around the movie spiked up in recent days (AdAge, 7/15/10) as people began to discuss the film more and more and anticipation began to mount.

Overall

The focus on Nolan in the publicity section of the push was, I think, a smart move since much of the rest of the campaign showed a movie that was potentially more challenging intellectually than the average summer blockbuster. So this was the attempt to make it clear to the audience that there was an accessible entry point for them in the form of the director of that Batman sequel they enjoyed so much a couple years ago.

But that puts a lot of pressure on the director and it’s extremely likely that within Hollywood the campaign’s emphasis will mean that the movie’s success is seen as a referendum on his future. If it winds up being a well-reviewed hit he will probably be able to write his own check on whatever  future projects he chooses. If not then it winds up tainting how he’s treated the next time he steps up to the plate, most likely when he starts revving up Batman 3.

Putting aside the issues of the movie not being based on an existing property, I really dig this campaign. Does it fully explain the movie? Not by a long shot. But it does something better: It actually has me anticipating the journey the movie will take me on. It’s not just selling me something I’m already inclined to purchase and then more or less enjoy. It’s making me want to see the movie because I want to figure out what the heck is going on. I’m anxious to see how the movie’s story unfolds and how it is going to engage me. That hasn’t happened in a long time with a mainstream Hollywood campaign and, honestly, it’s a feeling only truly original movies can create.

That’s also only created by an effective campaign and this very much fits that description. The posters are interesting and confusing, as are the trailers. The ARG is just fully-featured enough to be interesting without becoming overwhelming. While most of the rest of the online campaign is good as well, my favorite part is the prequel comic since with a movie which has dealt with so much “What’s it about?” conversation, any sort of table-setting it can do for the movie is a good thing.

PICKING UP THE SPARE

Movie Marketing Madness: Avatar

Avatar Poster 2How do you follow up Titanic?

That’s the question that’s been on everyone’s mind for the last 12 years or so, ever since director James Cameron released what would go on to become the highest-grossing film of all time and a star-making vehicle for its two young stars. While various rumors have circulated through the decade-plus since the pride of the White Star line met its cinematic fate about what the director would do next there’s been nothing in the way of actual output aside from producer credits on a couple of documentaries, including at least one the revisited the Titanic’s history but without the schmaltzy bookending.

Of course it’s not as if Titanic was Cameron’s arrival on-screen. He had already built up an amazing list of credits, including both (to date) Terminator movies, Aliens, True Lies and others that had already cemented him as a Hollywood powerhouse, meaning he was going in to Titanic with a lot behind him.

So the anticipation has been huge about how Cameron would return after such a long absence. But whatever it was going to be, the one thing that everyone was more or less agreed upon was that it was going to be huge.

And huge it is.

Avatar is the story of colonization. In the distant future Earth is in need of a special mineral, one that is found in relative abundance on a far off world. But that planet is already inhabited by a native species and they are not thrilled with Earth’s efforts to mine that mineral, a process that of course is not the most gentle. So in order to convince – with extreme prejudice – that native species to part with the mineral Earth sends in the Marines. In advance of a full-frontal assault, though, a young Marine is given the opportunity to live with the aliens as one of them. A process has been developed where a human can have his or her conscious mind control the body of an avatar that looks like one of the native aliens, a more subtle and under-handed tactic to weaken them from within.

Avatar is being billed as the most expensive movie ever produced and a grand, dramatic return for Cameron that is fitting of the now extraordinarily outsized expectations that have built up in the last 12 years. It’s also the subject of a long-lived and massive marketing campaign, and that’s what brings us here today.

The Posters

For a movie this huge it’s a bit surprising that only two posters have been created.

Avatar Poster 1The first, what could be called a teaser even though to me it doesn’t *feel* like a teaser – features just the blue face of one of the alien natives. There’s little explanatory text beyond the name of the movie and that it’s coming from Cameron or, more accurately, “From the director or ‘Titanic.’” This was all about teasing the look of the aliens that inhabit the movie’s primary setting and are the form of the avatar that is taken on by the main character.

The second and final theatrical poster was a bit more fully-featured, but also is a little more odd and I think works quite substantially less than it probably should have.

The same blue alien is in the background of this poster as was in the first one-sheet. But this time she shares space with the profile of Sam Worthington, or at least a Photoshopped version of Worthington, with their faces in front of a giant planet looming in the background. Below them is the forest landscape we’ve seen in the trailers, with a native of the planet on one of his winged mounts in the foreground and a flock of Marine fighter planes coming from the back.

This time the top of the poster pegs the movie as coming from the director of both Titanic and Terminator 2. Then – and this winds up seeming a little weird – the movie is labeled at the bottom as being “James Cameron’s Avatar,” as if he were the author of an original novel on which this movie were based. I mean I get what they’re going for, but that seems like a heavy-handed way of branding the film as being form Cameron, an excuse to put his name above the title.

I’m a little surprised there not only weren’t more posters created but that there weren’t IMAX specific one-sheets as well. So much of the rest of the campaign, as we’ll see, is about promoting experiencing it in IMAX 3D that the little throw-away line at the bottom of this poster seems oddly underplayed.

The Trailers

Avatar PicThe first trailer is, appropriately for what needed to be communicated to the audience, primarily a showcase for the visuals of the film. With only one line of dialogue in it, the trailer shows what appears to be a more or less sequential order of events from the film: Marines arrive on Pandora, Sam Worthington’s wheelchair-bound character has his mind uploaded into the body of a native “avatar” and then those Marines and the natives of Pandora engage in a couple of battles between gunships and dragons in the air, all focused seemingly around some form of love story.

It’s not bad but doesn’t come close to conveying any sense of epic scale or anything like that, a notion that the rest of the movie’s campaign – especially the copious amounts of press it’s received – more or less relies completely on. Indeed there was plenty of chatter after it’s release that the trailer was tamping down some of the fanboy excitement around the movie since it didn’t live up to either the Comic-Con footage or the scenes shown as part of the “Avatar Day” promotional event. (More on those later.) But it’s a traditional trailer that’s meant to appeal to a wide audience so what was it supposed to do? More than that, what were people expecting? It’s not even two minutes long and so is extremely condensed, something that those expanded looks haven’t been and so naturally it’s going to fall short of expectations.

The theatrical trailer definitely expand and expounds upon the movie’s plot. At 3:30 it’s a full minute or so longer than most standard trailers and fits a lot into that running time.

We’re introduced first to Jake, the character played by Sam Worthington, a Marine who has lost the use of his legs but is now on a mission with others to a distant planet named Pandora. That planet is important to humankind because it’s rich in an important and therefore valuable mineral, though that’s as far as that string of thought goes.

To help the group’s mission – and with the promise that should he be successful he’ll regain the use of his legs – Jake volunteers to control an avatar, a physical body that resembles the planet’s indigenous people who the Marines are trying to move, with his mind while his body is still on the ship.

But as with most stories, the humans here aren’t above moving a civilization whether it wants to be moved or not. And soon Jake – in his avatar form – must choose which side he really believes in and belongs to, the humans who are destroying and invading or the blue-skinned aliens who were originally there, one of whom he has of course fallen in love with.

The trailer, though, just uses the story as an excuse to show off all the special effects Cameron has used to tell that story. We see lots of ships and leathery animals flying through the air, lots of aliens gathering for war and lots of supposed emotion on the faces of those aliens.

I’d say this is a moderately effective trailer that probably packs much more of a wallop on the big screen and in 3D. It certainly makes a strong case for seeing the movie and shows it has more of a legitimate plot than other SFX extravaganzas like 2012. But I see no way this carries the same universal appeal of Cameron’s previous films and, like it or not, that’s the yardstick that’s going to be in place.

Avatar Trailer - InteractiveAbout a month before release a new version of that second trailer was released that caused a ton of discussion, not only among movie fans but also social media technology folks.

That’s because this was an “interactive” version of the trailer. Littered throughout the trailer were prompts to click and engage within the spot, with those clicks taking you to behind-the-scenes videos that expanded on a particular point, whether it’s a technical how-to or a character profile. It also brought in feeds from discussions that were happening about the movie on social media sites like Twitter and YouTube and others. To play the interactive trailer required the viewer to download Adobe AIR, which a lot of people who regularly use Yammer, Tweetdeck or other applications might already have but which members of the general audience might now and which might present a stumbling block to viewing for those folks.

While some people saw this, the requiring of the AIR application, as a big downside I actually view it as part of the general attitude of the campaign, which is that it’s aiming primarily NOT at a general audience but at the cool kids in the room so as to get them excited and hopefully influencing all the rest of the folks.

Online

Avatar Pic 2The official website opens with the movie’s second trailer, with the option to download the interactive trailer just below that. You also have the choice to enter the site and that’s just what we’re going to do.

When the site then loads again there are two ways you’ll find to access the content. First is a standard site navigation menu in the top-left corner and the other is a series of window panes that glides across the bottom of the screen. There’s some overlap between the two so I’m going to start with the drop-down menu at the top and then hit the other items from the bottom.

So the first section there is “Videos” and that’s where you’ll find the Theatrical Trailer, a featurette titled James Cameron’s Vision, a Jake Sully Profile and a Neytiri Profile, that latter two of course being deeper looks at two of the main characters in the movie. Odd that the first trailer is nowhere to be found here. The “Interactive Trailer” is found in the next section.

After that is “Images” which has about 18 stills from the movie, including the option to view them on Flickr, which is a nice touch. “Cast” is a pretty basic look at the main actors on the movie and gives you an overview of their career to date and other information.

“Story” gives you a good outline of what the movie is about, including quite a few details (but none of the spoiler variety) that are kind of hinted at but not spelled out clearly in the trailers.

“Downloads” just has nine Wallpapers you can grab.

The next few sections all open up new tabs/windows for outside sites so keep that in mind.

Avatar Pic 3First is “Video Game,” which takes you to Ubisoft’s official page for the tie-in game, which doesn’t appear to have any sort of demo but which does have more images – this time from the game, obviously – that you can view on Flickr.

Second, “Toys,” brings you to Mattel’s page for their toy products, something that’s going to be useful if you’ve already purchased one of those toys and need to activate the i-Tag to play with the enhanced online version of those toys.

“Mobile” takes you to Gameloft’s page for their iPhone app/game, a game that takes place prior to the events of the film. The page has Info, Story background, Screenshots and a Video of gameplay you can view.

The “News” section links to the movie’s official Twitter handle, which is updated with links not only to the official site and the release of marketing material but also information on some of the promotional appearances the cast is making and links to early reviews.

Finally there’s the “Music” which of course takes you to the soundtrack’s site. That site lets you order in either Physical or Digital formats as well as grab a score-specific widget for your blog or social network page.

There are a couple sections in the panes at the bottom of the page that aren’t in the main content menu.

One of those is a link to Pandorapedia and shows the Featured Entry from that site. Pandorapedia, as you might suspect, is a site devoted to entries related to the world of the movie, though this is presented in a straight ahead promotional way, meaning it’s clear this is a movie-related site, and not like it’s something from the actual universe of the movie that people in that universe have created.

There are also links here to Coke’s AVTR site and to the TypePad Blogging Community.

The film’s official Facebook page opens with a promotional prompt to watch clips from the live MTV-hosted chat (more on that later) but from there you can navigate to the usual areas containing Photos, Videos and more.

There are also, down at the very bottom of the page’s main screen, links to the variety of other social networking profiles set up for the movie. In addition to the aforementioned Twitter and Facebook pages there’s the Flickr set and YouTube channel in addition to a handful of others. Both the Flickr and YouTube profiles are pretty well stocked with images and promotional videos and it’s nice to see these being utilized so thoroughly.

Advertising and Cross-Promotion

Like many movies this one got a tie-in video game. But unlike many of those games, this one benefited not only from the two-plus year lead time that the filmmakers have been working on the film but also from an unusually high level of involvement by those filmmakers, a relationship that even resulted in Cameron bringing some of the shots created for the game into the movie itself.

Panasonic signed on as a promotional partner, using the high profile of the movie to promote its line of TVs and Blu-ray players that bring 3D presentation to the home theater. That all could lead to an announcement (well after Avatar has left theaters) that the movie could be the first 3D home video release.

Avatar Tie-In - CokeZeroCoke was a major partner (Adweek, 11/25/09) on a couple of levels as well for their Coke Zero product. The soft drink company created AVTR.com, a site that was half ARG and half straight promotion. On the one hand it featured video reports that were supposed to have come from the planet of Pandora, where the reporter is supposed to be introducing the viewer to the planet and what the human explorers are doing there. There are also “Field Report Photo Journals” and an Applicant Test System to see if you are qualified to join the program.

On the other, more straight ahead promotional hand, you can view the tie-in TV commercial and a “nanodisk” spot that played like a Coke Zero commercial from the future. At the top of the screen there are a bunch of “F” buttons to push that, when you do, give you a bit of information on some of the tech that’s used by the humans in the movie.

Coke was also one of the handful of companies in the campaign that utilized Augmented Reality. People who bought one of the AVTR-branded cans of Coke Zero could hold that can up to their webcam when visiting AVTR.com and control helicopters, fire missiles and more.

In addition to the official site for the AVTR campaign there was a Twitter feed that was updated, as of this writing, a whopping three times between September 11 and December 8.

McDonald’s, for its part, also included an augmented reality component in their tie-in effort. The fast food chain is launching a campaign (MediaPost, 12/11/09) that includes TV spots, in-store displays and more. Customers who purchase a Big Mac between 12/18 and 1/7 will receive a “Thrill Card” that will unlock an exclusive augmented reality experience when help up to a webcam. That’s part of an overall “PandoraQuest” game that has been created that take people on an adventure to become part of the research team from the movie, an adventure that is moved along by the promise of unlocking exclusive movie content as they progress.

Avatar Pic 6Mobile phone company LG Mobile jumped on with its own cross-promotional plans (MediaPost, 12/8/09). The company created a TV spot that features movie footage being watched on the screen of its LG eXpo phone, with characters from that spot also showing up on lgexpo.com, which contained more videos of them using their phones to display movie content as well as exclusive promotional material in and of itself. LG Mobile also sponsored special additional weapons Gamespot players of the Xbox and Playstation-based tie-in game could unlock.

There was also an interesting promotion with SixApart, the company behind blogging software MovableType, TypePad and others. Bloggers using the TypePad platform were able to get Avatar-branded themes for their blogs and other exclusive movie content they could publish on those blogs. That availability extends to users of the recently launched free micro-publishing software. As Tameka at PaidContent says, this sort of thing is an interesting way to build a community of online users without making a significant investment in building it themselves. SixApart also worked with Fox on creating an Official Avatar Community on a TypePad blog that allowed fans to get together and chat as well as being automatically entered to win tickets to see the movie.

Parent company Fox also managed to work the movie into an episode of “Bones.” In an episode airing just a couple weeks before the movie’s release the plot has the team of characters taking their investigation to theaters where people are lining up for Avatar and openly talking about how they were excited to see it. The episode takes on a level of pseudo-meta since Joel David Moore is a semi-regular on “Bones” as an intern and also has a significant role as a pilot and friend of Worthington’s character in the movie.

YouTube turned on the live-streaming for the movie’s London premiere a week or so before the theatrical release, with the site sending three of its high-profile video bloggers overseas to conduct interviews and provide other red-carpet coverage from the event. That post also announced a massive ad buy from Fox in support of the movie that would take place on the YouTube homepage. 

Media and Publicity

Avatar Pic 4Some of the first bits of buzz – aside from just the very notion that James Cameron was making another movie – the movie generated was actually focused on the technology. The innovative cameras being used, the unique shooting techniques and the film’s general mixture of live-action and CGI all became focal points of the discussion, beginning what was sure to be a long string of stories about the tech Cameron was using, a discussion that was likely to overshadow any mentions of story or characters.

Then, of course, there was the budget. Time Magazine came out swinging (3/19/09) with a piece that pegged the budget as being in the range of $300 million just for production, before any marketing costs were added on, a number that got many, many tongues a-wagging about how massive a success – or failure – the movie was going to be. That story was also meant to bring 3D back into the discussion at a time when Monsters vs. Aliens was being positioned as the first real must-see-in-3D flick. The $300M number was walked back shortly after the story went live, with Time posting a corrected version that said the budget was more in the $200 million range.

There was also plenty of talk throughout the year about how Avatar was going to be the movie that will “change filmmaking” (New York Times, 4/24/09) on some sort of fundamental level. All of this was more than a little overblown since, at its core, the movie was made the same way but with some cool special effects.

The movie next got some publicity not for something about the movie itself but about its distribution. In mid-May IMAX (struggling for some positive buzz as they fought criticism around screen sizes and ticket prices) announced they were planning to run Avatar on their big, big screens for three whole months, an incredibly long run. To some extent this is based on thinking that combines the anticipation this film will be as groundbreaking technically as it’s being made out to be as well as the idea that, simply by virtue of it being James Cameron film, it will be popular with audiences for a sustained period of time. Time will tell whether either turns out to be true.

Also related to the exhibition of the film was the round of glad-handing theater owners and others the director made in the months before the movie’s release. Cameron hit the road with footage to show people in part of make the case for as many 3-D screens as he could muster up. While theater owners are happy to have Cameron back in the director’s chair, the technical specifications for the movie combined with it not being a franchise film in any way was the cause of a little unrest, unrest that this media tour was meant to quell.

Avatar Pic - ComicCon ImageThe movie, unsurprisingly considering it’s expected to be a big old geek fest, made a promotional appearance at Comic-Con this year. Banners for the movie that gave a sneaky look at the film’s aliens began appearing around San Diego in the weeks leading up to the event, building up a little bit of hype around the idea that this appearance would give fans some sort of look at the movie beyond the couple of pictures of James Cameron that made up the lion’s share of the publicity campaign to date.

All that teasing ultimately led up to a Comic-Con presence that was pretty significant. Full-size mock-ups of some of the technology and vehicles from the movie were displayed in the hallways and a panel appearance by director Cameron, the center-piece of which was the showing off by him of something like 25 minutes of footage from the film, which of course was shown in 3D. Reaction to that footage was pretty unanimously along the lines of “ZOMG” with most everyone praising how fantastic the special effects looked and how complex the environments Cameron had created seemed to be. There were, though, some dissenters from that opinion, with a handful of people admitting that it was super-cool stuff but not necessarily a game-changer in terms of technology or filmmaking. Part of that was, some folks said, because the hype had just gotten out of hand and expectations were set impossibly high for what anything could actually deliver.

One of the announcements made by Cameron at that panel was that Fox would be releasing 15 minutes of footage from the film to IMAX screens on August 21st, about four months prior to the film’s release, that people could go see for free. While the release of footage has become commonplace in online movie marketing, this move to put it in theaters is one that comes with the acknowledgment that that’s where it needs to be seen to be fully appreciated. Online apparently just isn’t going to cut it so it needs to be seen on the IMAX screen in order to get people excited and buzzing about the film.

When that did happen it produced what seemed to be exactly the desired results. It didn’t start off smoothly, though, with the website where fans could order tickets to the screenings going down for a long time under the massive demand of so many people logging on at once. But once those problems were ironed out “Avatar Day” resulted in a good deal of not only positive word-of-mouth from those in attendance but also a great number of media stories about the promotion and how it was meant to appeal to the audience by showing off an extended look of the movie.

Even the appearance of Avatar toys at the convention became a news story because they were touted as including “augmented reality” technology that allowed people to extend their playing with the toys to their computers and such, with each product including a tag that would unlock exclusive content.

Shortly after Comic-Con ended, Fox released the first official look at one of the movie’s aliens. It’s not much – just a blue-skinned face and a single eye – but it was more than had been seen before by the general public.

That was followed by various critics reporting on their various opportunities to see the movie, including lots of mentions of “the uncanny valley” when describing the movie’s special effects.

With all the hype of Cameron’s return going on it was more than a little surprising when a feature story turned the spotlight on Worthington for a change. Stories like this (Los Angeles Time, 10/28/09) focused on Worthington’s career and how a couple of star turns in high-profile films in the last couple years have turned him in to one of the most in-demand young actors working today.

The release of the second trailer was even turned into a media event. The spot made its debut at the new Cowboys football stadium in Dallas to a crowd of 80,000 or so spectators, a number Fox promoted (Variety, 10/29/09) as being the largest live audience for a trailer ever, clearly signaling the studio was interested in making every single last bit this campaign into huge event. The trailer also was shown on TV during the game’s broadcast, of course, significantly expanding that audience and bringing it more to the general public than vast portions of this campaign had been prior to that point.

Avatar Pic 7The topic of the movie’s budget came back up in November, this time as the hook for a story about the audacity of spending that much money at a time of falling DVD sales and diminishing returns on high-profile cinematic investments. The latest figures presented in that article (New York Times, 11/8/09) peg the total budget – production and marketing somewhere in the neighborhood of $500 million. There is also in that story the question of when Fox and its partners could reasonably expect to see a profit based on that budget, which is sometime about a week after not likely.

Peter Bart in Variety (11/27/09) took up the issue the budget as well. He poses the question of who exactly benefits when filmmakers go hog wild with massive budgets like this. His first answer is the audience (we pay the same for a ticket whether the movie cost $500,000 or $300 million to make) but then he points that ultimately the audience loses since it’s just part of Hollywood’s continued emphasis on “tentpole” releases at the expense of small or mid-range riskier films.

Whether or not the film could be profitable – especially given its unknown nature – was also the subject of an LA Times story (11/15/09). Once again the entire thing is being framed within Cameron’s self-congratulatory nature and looked at it as a big, bold experiment.

Reading that story, which looks at the movie being risky because it’s not part of an existing franchise of some sort, it occurs to me that the breadth and depth of the campaign, including the focus on Cameron in all the publicity, made me realize that Fox is actually trying to sell it as a franchise – a franchise in and of itself. You look at the blue-skinned aliens and you automatically know it’s Avatar. At this point It’s a franchise already and that’s exactly what I’m guessing Fox was shooting for.

The focus continued to be on Cameron as he sat down with “60 Minutes” for an interview. And the filmmaker’s instinct to debut the movie on friendly territory emerged with reports he would bring it to Harry Knowles’ annual Butt Numb-a-Thon screening festival.

Cameron and some of the cast also participated in a webcast (Variety, 11/29/09) hosted by MTV in conjunction with Facebook. The event had MTV editor Josh Horowitz beginning the interview but then transitioning over to questions fans submitted via Facebook. That event even got its own round of online advertising to drive people to the streaming chat.

Overall

Avatar TitleFor the most part, as I look at the campaign from top to bottom, I still find myself agreeing with Pete Vonder Haar:

But I stand by my assertion that – while visually arresting – Avatar just doesn’t look all that interesting to me. I have nothing more than a gut feeling telling me it will open decently, and have some legs early on because of people’s desire to see it in IMAX. It will probably perform well, but “well” versus almost $2 billion for your previous movie, when this one cost maybe twice as much to make, isn’t what Fox is hoping for. And whatever the spin when the smoke clears, not topping Titanic is going to be viewed as a disappointment.

This campaign is huge – it’s one of those where the scale is almost so massive you begin to lose perspective on whether one component or another works or not on its own merits. And since the target audience seems to be “everyone” here it makes it tough to put any thought into whether perceived goals are achieved.

I do think Fox has put together the best campaign they could but, honestly, the actual “marketing” that’s been done seems kind of lightweight. Just two posters, just two trailers and a website that doesn’t seem to be all that innovative.

I actually, though, think that’s kind of a smart move. Because instead of focusing a ton of content Fox has instead:

  1. Let their promotional partners (McDonald’s, LG, Coke, Panasonic, etc) do their marketing for them.
  2. Maximized the conversational aspect of each component.

The latter point is important. Is the Facebook profile all that interesting? No, but the live chat that took place there was and had people talking. Was the second trailer all that engaging? No, not in and of itself. But by pushing the boundaries a bit and making it “interactive” they were able to create a ton of buzz around it that otherwise would not have existed. Is it that unusual for a movie to show off extended footage? No, but by doing it for a select group of influencers, making it an event and doing it in 3D it became a much discussed component of the campaign.

So from that perspective this is a tremendous success.

But what, to Pete’s point, is the landscape going to look like once this mass-appeal campaign releases its product to the masses? Does Avatar have the repeat-viewing appeal of Titanic? My guess would be that it does but not to the extent Titanic did.

Part of the problem with engaging in a campaign that showed off the movie – or at least good-sized chunks of it – to so many people is that those folks, who might have come back two or three times once it was released, now have less impetus to do so. They’ve already, in some cases, seen it once. So they’ll see it upon release and then be good. They don’t need to buy a second ticket. So by co-opting them into the word-of-mouth marketing Fox may have cut into the repeat ticket buyer group a bit.

Still, the marketing for Avatar is nicely executed and certainly robust. Now it simply remains to be seen if the hundreds of millions of dollars spent on production and marketing have created something not only profitable but memorable.

PICKING UP THE SPARE

  • 12/15/09: The LAT’s Hero Complex blog has a look at how creating the tie-in toys took Mattel out of their comfort zone via an interview with the company’s marketing director.
  • 12/18/09: Public Radio’s Marketplace program has a brief piece up about the influence of the film’s marketing campaign.
  • 12/18/09: AdAge’s Simon Dumeneco has the announcement of Avatar Day being declared. OK, not really, but that’s more or less where he arrives after analyzing the last week’s buzz.
  • 12/29/09: Blah blah blah Twitter mentions blah blah blah.
  • 01/04/10: Yeah, Fox spent a lot of money on the marketing effort that has turned Avatar into a success.
  • 01/04/10: I think I missed any mention of Fox using MySpace to livestream the red carpet premiere but The Cycle has my back.
  • 01/06/10: Panasonic’s partnership with Fox on the movie, something that’s designed to herald the arrival of quality 3D home video, was a major part of the technology company’s presence at CES.
  • 01/08/10: I’m going to remain skeptical as to how much social media helped Avatar hit its box office records. Oh sure it played a part, but I’m thinking that even the very nice social media push that was put together represented a small part of the huge mainstream campaign that was executed.
  • 02/08/10: PBS’s MediaShift blog dubs the Avatar campaign the “most comprehensive” online campaign to date, with its bevy of social media touchpoints and other interactive elements.
  • 04/14/10: Fox set up a booth at The Grove mall in LA that featured facial recognition technology that let people create Na’vi versions of their face around the time the DVD was released.
  • 06/09/10: Despite the fact that there are no near- or long-term plans for a cinematic follow-up, Fox is looking for continued licensing opportunities for the movie that keep it at the top of people’s minds.
  • 07/17/10: The absolutely expected re-release of the movie, which features additional footage, got some advertising of its own.

Movie Marketing Madness: Watchmen

watchmen-poster-theatricalThe problem with “unfilmmable” pieces of literature is that they usually wind up getting filmed anyway. Everyone, as late as 1999, said the Lord of the Rings trilogy was unfilmmable because of the fantastic characters that inhabited the story and, indeed, the scope of the story itself. Even markedly less artistically ambitious properties such as Transformers have been largely off-limits because, let’s face it, making a 30-foot robot that turns into a semi truck look even moderately realistic required technology that just didn’t exist until a couple years ago.

The “unfilmmable” barrier began crumbling in 1993, the year Steven Spielberg tapped a combination of Stan Winston Studios and ILM to create the dinosaurs that would wreak havoc through his adaptation of Michael Crichton’s novel Jurassic Park. Since then there’s been an ever-increasing number of fantasy films, comic book adaptations and more that have brought to life characters, worlds and situations that simply would not have been possible until someone ambitious created the software to create the perfect visual effect for X sequence.

Not only have computer effects allowed for imaginations to run wild, but the technology has likewise created an environment where directors of adaptations of other visual media have been able to faithfully recreate someone else’s vision almost perfectly.

It’s the second capability that has been most embraced by director Zack Snyder of late. A couple years ago he used digitally-generated sets and backgrounds to almost completely recreate the look of Frank Miller’s graphic novel 300. Snyder was able to create a movie that took the drawings Miller had created and lifted them in incredibly faithful fashion to the screen.

Now Snyder is tapping that same vein as director of Watchmen.

Watchmen was created by writer Alan Moore and illustrator Dave Gibbons in 1986 and told the story of an alternate 1986 from ours. In this world Richard Nixon is still President, having retained power since his original term. As in “our” world, there are superheroes in New York City, but most of these are masked vigilantes with no real powers, along the lines of Batman or Hawkeye. The heroes, though, have been inactive for a number of years, ever since the passing of The Keane Act, which outlawed masked crime-fighting. The only two still active are acting as agents of the U.S. government: The Comedian, a sadistic militant and Dr. Manhattan. The latter is the only truly super-powered of the bunch, a former nuclear scientist who was caught in a barrage of radiation and now is capable of manipulating atoms and other fantastic feats.

One day The Comedian is found dead. Another crime-fighter, Rorschach, doesn’t think it’s simply a random act of violence and begins an investigation into his death, an investigation that brings other heroes out of retirement, causes some to change their relationships with others and generally brings the superhero problem to a head. While this is happening, tensions are mounting between the United States and Russia, which are on the verge of having their Cold War turn very hot very quickly.

The comics series, eventually released in graphic novel form, is widely regarded as a seminal piece of literature. In fact it was the only comic to make Time Magazine’s list years ago of the top literary works of the 20th century.

Because of its rich character development, deep literary references and massive scope (as well as about 15 other reasons) a movie based on the comic had never been made, despite it being seen as fertile ground for film. A number of times over the years projects have started, only to eventually be spiked for one creative or business reason or another. It was the very definition of the unfilmable project .

But now it’s here, about to hit screens as the first potential blockbuster of 2009.

The movie stars a cast of actors that won’t seem immediately familiar to most of the audience, at least not outside the group that’s been watching “Grey’s Anatomy” regularly. The thinking behind this casting seems to be that casting movie stars as these characters would get in the way of the movie and take the audience out of it’s world.

With so much riding on the movie, Warner Bros. has pulled out all stops in terms of a marketing campaign, seeking to create a push that appealed not only the hard-care comics fans that have kept the graphic novel on the best seller list for decades and who comb the story for obscure trivia time and time again but also the mainstream audience that is hooked on superhero movies. Let’s see how the studio pulled it off.

The Posters

watchmen-poster-1-comiccon07-teaserThe first poster Warner Bros. released made its debut at the 2007 Comic-Con, part of a larger kick-off to the publicity for the movie at the event, about a year and a half before the film’s release. It contained no imagery from the film itself but was pulled straight from the cover of one of the source comic’s issue’s covers, one that showed The Comedian being pummeled in his apartment, the event that kick’s off the story’s narrative.

By choosing an image like this for the first teaser image, Warner was signaling to the comics fans in the audience that the source material was central to their creative efforts and that the marketing campaign would not exclude them. These were the core people the studio needed to get on their side as anticipation for the film began to build, making this a smart move. It got those fans on the studio’s side early, which was exactly what needed to happen.

10183D1_WATCB_DrM_Mini_R210183D1_WATCB_DrM_Mini_R210183D1_WATCB_DrM_Mini_R210183D1_WATCB_DrM_Mini_R210183D1_WATCB_DrM_Mini_R210183D1_WATCB_DrM_Mini_R210183D1_WATCB_DrM_Mini_R2

Next from the studio was an entire set of one-sheets that again went to the source comics for inspiration. Each of the main characters (Silk Spectre I, Rorschach, The Comedian, Nite Owl, Silk Spectre II, Dr. Manhattan, Ozymandias) get their own poster this time around in images that are essentially live-action (if highly artistic) re-enactments of some of the artwork from the comics. Again, this was a deliberate choice on the part of the marketing team to make sure the core fanbase felt the film was being true to their beloved graphic novel.

watchmen-poster-teaser-comedianwatchmen-poster-teaser-rorshachThe next official poster released embraced the comic spirit without being quite as directly evocative of the comics. It shows The Comedian falling through the air after being thrown out of his apartment window, with his iconic button right behind him. As anyone knows, this is more or less how the story starts out and is the central plot point to the entire thing plays out, so it’s definitely an image that is designed to get the juices of the fanboys going.

That was followed by a similarly styled poster featuring Rorschach walking down a city street, with copy that is suitable for the masked vigilante. The release of the two of these had me thinking they were going to do a whole series like this, with each character in more of an action setting but alas these were the only two.

The next batch of one-sheets was another set of character-specific images. This time, though, it was time to debut fully what the actual actors looked like in their costumes and start to get more heavily into the real look and feel of the movie. So once again Ozymandias, The Comedian, Dr. Manhattan, Nite Owl, Silk Spectre II and Rorschach are individually featured along with copy that’s drawn from the film’s dialogue.

wm_silkwm_rorschachwm_ozymandiaswm_niteowlwm_manhattanwm_comedian

After that there was a bit of a lull in the release of new posters, a lull that ended when the first theatrical poster debuted. Once again set on a rainy New York City street, this one brings all the characters together for the first time. It’s not the best one-sheet in the world, but it does do a good job of putting what amounts to a cap on the poster campaign for the movie.

watchmen-poster-imaxShortly after that another version of the poster specifically promoting the film’s IMAX showings was released. This one again featured all the characters but this time in extreme close-up, with just everyone’s head and shoulders showing and Dr. Manhattan looming again in the background.

The inclusion of everyone on these posters makes a strong case to the average, non-comics-geek movie audience member that this is, whatever its particular quirks might be, a super-hero movie. There’s nothing there about how this is actually a murder mystery or how heroes are seen in the story’s world as being oddballs and such. It’s just about the costumes and hoping that the audience sees this as the next logical choice after last year’s Dark Knight/Iron Man double-dip.

The Trailers

The teaser trailer had a hard road ahead of it. It had to provide an entry point for long-time fans of the comic but also be accessible enough to general audiences that it wouldn’t appear too weird and therefore be off-putting. In execution it opted to be more fan-friendly than anything else. There’s almost nothing about the plot that’s revealed – the closest thing it gets to character development is showing the man who would become Dr. Manhattan get trapped in a chamber – but serves mainly to introduce the characters and their appearances to viewers. We get shots of Dr. Manhattan, Rorshach, Ms. Jupiter, Nite Owl, The Comedian and Ozymedius but without much in the way of establishing shots. There’s a little bit of action but mostly it’s glamour shots of everyone involved.

http://www.hulu.com/embed/kwLsNHj64P4yS7sPEna8iA

That’s alright since the trailer was released well in advance of the movie’s release and, most importantly, right around the time of not only The Dark Knight, when comics were on the minds of the general public, but also Comic-Con, giving attendees there plenty to talk about.

That teaser debuted before IMAX screenings of The Dark Knight when that movie opened in July of 2008, giving the flick a big stage to debut on in front of what was likely to be – and what turned out to be – a largely friendly audience.

Interestingly, as Warner/DC likely hoped for, the graphic novel shot to the top of the best-seller list on Amazon in the days after the trailer hit screens. It even led DC to have to go back to the printers for a new run of the book, bringing the number printed after the trailer’s appearance to 900,000.

Following a whole bunch of press screenings that showed a lot of scattered footage from the film a new sort-of but not really trailer debuted in mid-October. It was only kind of a trailer in a round-about sort of way since it was essentially built from scenes featured at the 2008 Scream Awards, where the cast appeared. There were a couple of new scenes thrown in there but it featured the same music. It was kind of kick-ass in the same way the teaser trailer was in that it showed off a lot of scenes that were going to be familiar to the audience of the graphic novel.

watchmen-pic-nite-owl-silkThe second trailer delves immediately much more deeply into the film’s plot. It starts with The Comedian being accosted in his apartment and thrown around until he’s finally tossed out his window. From there the focus shifts to Rorschach’s investigation of said killing, including his trying to convince the former heroes, those who have since retired, that something bad is coming and they need to get off the sidelines and stop it. After that, though, it just turns into a clip montage with Rorschach’s voice-over continuing. At about the halfway point it becomes less about plot setup and more about showing off the film’s nifty visuals and doing more to tease the idea of a world where the heroes are actually outcasts and not (with one exception) super men capable of single-handedly saving the world.

The trailer recycles quite a bit of footage from the first one, but mostly in the second half clippage section. Still, though, it’s not as if the spot was made up of completely new footage.

One thing that caught my eye – and later the mainstream media’s – during the trailers, as well as the last couple of posters, was the use of the word “visionary” to describe director Zack Snyder. Specifically, the movie is touted as being from the “visionary director of 300.” While 300 was no doubt a great technical achievement, it seems to me that Warner Bros. might be stretching the use of the word “visionary” here. Usually that’s attached to people who bring in a singular perspective to their art form of choice, something that’s unique and interesting and immediately identifiable as theirs.

Snyder, though, seems to have made his bones as being someone who is able to faithfully recreate someone else’s vision. That’s great and all, especially when you’re dealing with the rough and tumble world of comics adaptations, but it doesn’t really qualify someone for being labeled a visionary in their own right.

Online

If you have your Internet browser set at anything other than full-screen prepare for it to automatically re-size when load the Watchmen official website . Not a big deal but it’s something to be aware of.

watchmen-pic-owlshipWhen the site does load you’re greeted with a profile of one of the movie’s characters. When I visited it I immediately saw a picture of Silk Spectre II, with a montage of scenes from the movie that feature her playing on the page as well. Down toward the bottom of the page you’ll see there are the names of the other primary characters and if you click on those you’ll get the same sort of package that’s focused on them. There’s a good amount of new footage in some of these so they’re definitely worth checking out.

Diving into the site’s main content categories begins by mousing-over the Menu that is placed just above the title.

The first section there is, naturally, “About,” where you’ll be able to read a pretty simple synopsis of the movie’s plot as well as find out something about the creative types behind the camera and the actors in the film. It runs about five or six paragraphs long and is mostly about the history of the graphic novel and the credits of the filmmakers but it’s an alright write-up.

“Video” is surprisingly low-key, containing just the two trailers and the sizzle reel that was produced for and aired during the Spike Scream Awards. This is the “non-trailer trailer” I mention above.

Under “Downloads” you’ll be able to grab a handful of Wallpapers and Buddy Icons as well as all the Posters that have been released. That’s a great addition and I wish all movie sites, especially when there are so many like there are for Watchmen, would include these.

There are a scant nine stills in the “Gallery,” including a mix of pictures from the movie and a couple behind-the-scenes shots. There’s more than this in the movie’s gallery on Yahoo Movies.

The “Music” link takes you to a stand-along site for the movie’s soundtrack . It opens with a promotional splash page for the limited-edition vinyl picture disk that features My Chemical Romance’s version of “Desolation Row,” the song that plays over the trailers. Continuing on into the site you’ll find information on the rock-song soundtrack as well as the orchestral score for the film.

I’m going to skip over the next two sections for now but will return to them later.

“Production Diary” is where you’ll be able to access the blog that was setup to broadcast updates on the movie’s production and campaign. The blog covers a good amount of ground, including news about promotional partnerships and media appearances by the cast in the weeks leading up to the film’s releases and is a good resource for news and information on the film, as well as the Video Journals produced about various aspects of making the movie.

“iPhone Application” is exactly what it sounds like and will prompt you to launch iTunes so you can download that bit of software.

watchmen-pic-comedianLike the soundtrack, “Video Game” will open a micro-site dedicated to the video game tie-in for the movie. The game is actually a prequel to the movie, set 10 years before its events and before the Keene Act that banned costumed crime-fighting was introduced, when the Watchmen were at their peak. There’s a trailer and more for the game on the site if you’re interested.

That game is just one of the two announced video games Warner Bros. said were on deck, with one (this one, I would assume) said to hit shelves and download stores at the time of the theatrical release and one later when the movie was released on DVD.

Next up is the “Minuteman Arcade,” yet another microsite that emulates a 1980′s arcade video game that features the Minutemen, the original super hero team in the comic’s world. It’s pretty simple but it’s also pretty fun and it’s kind of cool to play a game that features these sorts of old-school graphics and functionality.

I’ll cover “Partners and Promotions” below.

The movie’s Facebook page was actually nicely decked-out. In addition to simply becoming a fan, there were features like an application that let you upload your own picture to the body of one of the movie’s characters, a music player and more in addition to the usual trailers, photo albums and such. You could also visit specific Facebook pages for all the characters. They weren’t a whole lot different from the main page, just with a profile of a specific character and downloads that were solely featuring them.

Let’s jump back now to those two sections I said I was skipping over before.

The first is I Watch the Watchmen , which opens up another microsite that’s less about movie information and more about interactivity.

The first feature on that site is “Profile Pic Creator,” a tool that lets you crop and otherwise manipulate one of the movie’s promotional images and then save it so you can upload it to the social network profile of your choice. Since a lot of people like to do this sort of thing it’s nice to see a tool that streamlines the process and makes it available to people who aren’t experts in Photoshop.

“Site Skins” is exactly what it sounds like, a gallery of design templates for various social networks and personalized home page services that you can download and easily add. There’s even one for Twitter, which is kind of awesome.

“Bookmark” lets you save this site to your social bookmarking service of choice, be it Digg, StumbleUpon, Google Bookmarks or a handful of others.

The next column has the movie’s Widget and iPhone Application in it, as well as a link to the New Frontiersman site that I’ll get to shortly.

There’s also information on the appearance by Zack Snyder and illustrator Dave Gibbons in the Playstation@Home’s virtual world, complete with video from the Q&A the two did there.

The final section here is the “TV Player,” a video channel. The section contains a bunch of videos like a retro newscast celebrating the 10 year anniversary of Dr. Manhattan’s appearance, a news report on the Keene Act and a Veidt Music TV special that’s like a “Where are they now?” feature on the Watchmen, but done in the manner of a classic MTV veejay-hosted feature. All these are pretty cool and tie into the next site that needs covering…

The New Frontiersman.

watchmen-pic-new-frontiersmenIf you’re at all familiar with the Watchmen source material you’ll recognize The New Frontiersmen as the name of the radical newspaper that’s read by Rorschach and which he sends, at the story’s end, his journal to. The organization has been reborn here on the web with a site that chronicles all their investigative findings and other juicy newsbits.

(By the way, I’m going to skip over the logic of having a tabloid news organization that’s set in 1985 publishing a website. Not going to mention that. Not at all.)

But the main site is only one small chunk of the organization’s web presence. There’s also a Twitter profile, YouTube channel, Flickr presence and, aggregating all that together, a Friendfeed profile.

The multiple social media executions got noticed b a number of people online, including Neville Hobson , VentureBeat and others.

Going with such a broad swath of social media profiles was a fun way to distribute, in a backwards sort of way, some of the associated material created to flesh out the movie’s setting. It’s there that the Dr. Manhattan profile news report was first found. It’s the Flickr page that has a bunch of ads for Veidt Enterprises products and news clippings about President Nixon and more. So by delving fully into the backstory here, the studio was able to produce and show off a lot of fun stuff that’s going to be eaten up by the audience, primarily those that are in the core fanbase. The value for those outside that group is probably going to be limited, as with any other sort of social media marketing, each one of these extends the brand’s footprint online.

The one problem I have (in addition to the one above that I’m not mentioning) is that the pictures on the New Frontiersman’s Flickr page are tagged with “watchmen” and “movie,” thereby crossing the line between reveling in the alternate reality and the real world, a line that should never be crossed. That’s a big problem that marketers keep making on things like this and I wish they’d stop.

Back to the marketing campaign proper, Warner Bros. created a widget to distribute site content as well. When it was first released it had little more than a link to the official site and to Zach Snyder’s production blog but eventually contained the trailers, a countdown clock and mor from the official site.

watchmen-web-youtube-contestThere was also a WatchmenMovie YouTube channel setup by Warner Bros. Instead of being an outlet for marketing materials for the movie like trailers and TV spots, though, it was used for a contest. People were asked to create a commercial for a product by Veidt Enterprises, with five winners eventually chosen. Those winners got a cash prize as well as a chance that their spot would appear in the finished movie, which is actually kind of cool. You can read all about the contest details in the press release that came out when it was announced.

Just before release Warner Bros. launched 6MinutestoMidnight. The site was essentially an interactive game that, once completed, gave you access to some exclusive footage from the movie.
Advertising and Cross-Promotions

You certainly can’t say Warner skipped on the paid advertising for Watchmen. Being one of their two biggest 2009 releases you can hardly blame them. Let’s try to take a look at the advertising in a somewhat orderly, if not logical, manner.

First up is a video produced for National CineMedia’s “FirstLook” in-theater pre-show package. It largely contains footage we’ve already seen in the trailers but that’s interspersed with an interview with director Snyder. He provides a little background on the story and the characters in a piece that likely did a good job introducing things to an audience that might not have otherwise been familiar with it. If nothing else it does effectively present the movie as being an event that they should consider being a part of.

Watchmen Exclusive
http://mediaservices.myspace.com/services/media/embed.aspx/m=48917596,t=1,mt=video,searchID=,primarycolor=,secondarycolor=

Central to the advertising part of the movie’s campaign were a slew of TV commercials that aired during just about every conceivable television broadcast between early January and the film’s eventual opening weekend. Over a half-dozen were created, most of them featuring footage already seen in the trailers or other previously released clips.

Largely because they don’t stray too far from the path established by the trailers they all work pretty well, taking different focuses but all arriving at more or less the same place thematically.

A brief sampling:

Warner Bros. also decided to advertise Watchmen online by having the movie sponsor the Axis of Comedy online network. The sponsorship took the form of story integration, with Watchmen being woven into the shows that appear on the network, in-show references that were part of a contest put together by the network and studio.

There was also a ton of more traditional online advertising done as well as copious outdoor ads touting the film’s release.

The movie’s list of promotional partners is, for a film of this size and scope, not as extensive as I expected it to be. According to the appropriate section on the movie’s official site there are just a handful:

  • Borders – Just a link to the page where you can buy a copy of “Absolute Watchmen,” the new hardcover edition of the graphic novel.
  • Myvu – Watch an exclusive bit of footage for a password that, when entered at checkout, gives you a discount off of the “personal viewing experience” goggles it sells.
  • Xbox 360 Live – Nothing specific to the movie that I could find.
  • Organic Coffee Cartel – This one is actually kind of cool. The coffee company made a “Nite Owl Dark Roast” you can purchase. That’s the same brand that’s actually featured in the movie (there it’s made by Veidt Enterprises) and on the site you can enter to win tickets to the movie’s premiere.

Also listed on the official site are a handful of movie sites that ran promotions for the film.

NBC Universal, despite being one of the only media companies not involved in the movie’s production or release, certainly decided it didn’t want to be left out of the hype surrounding the film. The company debuted a half-dozen exclusive character profiles during a bunch of shows on their various cable and TV networks in the days immediately prior to the theatrical debut. The first, about Dr. Manhattan, showed up during an airing of National Treasure on USA. All six were, after airing, available on a special micro-site devoted to the movie on NBC.com. A preview of the profiles can be viewed here.

http://widgets.nbc.com/o/4727a250e66f9723/49abe09513d82986/49a84e925d6c9d28/3215ec5c/-cpid/649b010b700f44e5

Media and PublicityAs I stated above, the movie’s media publicity campaign really began at 2007′s Comic-Con and hasn’t fully let up since then.A core component of the publicity push has been the release of clips to the press in general and to the online world in particular. Not only did Warner Bros. return with the footage to Comic-Con 2008 but in early October of last year they began screening long-form clips to the press. They also brought the love to last month’s New York Comic-Con.

In the final few weeks before the theatrical release the distribution of clips got hot and heavy. There were too many to keep track of but sites like Defamer, SplashPage and IO9 rounded them up as they hit the Interwebz, all of these culminating in the release of a clip that basically showed how Rorschach begins the movie.

watchmen-dvd-the-black-freighterOne of the biggest questions about the movie when it was first announced was whether or not it would include the “Black Freighter” story that’s integrated into the narrative. In the comic, The Black Freighter is the name of a comic book that’s read by a young man sitting outside a newspaper stand, the plot of which closely mirrors in a parable sort of way the story that’s unfolding in the primary story.

The ultimate answer was No, The Black Freighter would not be part of Watchmen’s theatrical exhibition. But Warner Bros. did produce the story as an animated mini-feature that is receiving its own DVD release. The DVD also features a pseudo-documentary that encapsulates “Under the Hood,” the biography of Holand Mason, the first Nite Owl, another sub-feature in the Watchmen comics.

Rumors ran around and eventually were more or less confirmed that Watchmen would receive a second theatrical release in the summer in the form of a “Director’s Cut” that would add back some of the footage Snyder felt had to be trimmed to cut down the running time. It’s also been speculated that when that happens The Black Freighter will be re-integrated into the storyline. There’s also likely to be multiple versions of the movie that appear on DVD, with different running times and cuts meant to appeal to different audience.

watchmen-motion-comic-sd-box-art_nodiscAlso appearing on DVD – and through the iTunes Store – were what were called “Watchmen Motion Comics.” Taking the original illustrations and giving them rudimentary motion coupled with a narrator who also provided all the character’s voices, these were quite literally the comics in motion. The first episode, covering the first issue of the comic, was available for a limited time as a free download through iTunes but eventually all 12 chapters were released in the same was a TV season is. These also got collected on yet another tie-in DVD that hit shelves just prior to the film’s debut.

DC Comics wanted to make sure to capitalize on the movie’s buzz, of course, since they’re the publisher of the source material. They launched a promotional site with information on all the available versions of the graphic novel, teasers for the Motion Comics and some downloadable material as well.

The publisher also took some of its other more artistically leaning titles and re-issued them under the “After Watchmen” banner, basically saying if you enjoyed Watchmen you’re also likely to enjoy these books, which are just teasers to their own respective mythologies and ongoing sagas.

The press played no small part in the movie’s marketing campaign, with the film’s stars appearing on all sorts of TV talk shows , a series of collectible covers published by Entertainment Weekly and all other sorts of stories about the movie, the comic, and how groundbreaking it all is.

There was also the little matter of actual reviews of the movie itself. While it appears that early press screenings were done under the cover of a studio-enforced embargo, some outlets decided to publish non-review reviews anyway or give their “impressions” of the movie without going into detail, but since they were largely favorable they weren’t likely to come under fire from the studio.

Unfortunately one of the biggest stories surrounding the movie was the legal battle between 20th Century Fox and Warner Bros. Fox essentially said it still owned the intellectual property rights to the story, rights it had acquired years and years ago during one of the first forays into trying to adapt it for film. The rights were eventually transferred to WB, but apparently all the t’s weren’t exactly crossed, leading to the dispute. Warner tried to have the suit brought by Fox dismissed, but a judge wouldn’t do that, allowing Fox to continue with their challenge.

At the time, speculation ran that Fox would eventually settle for a piece of the movie’s box-office, though the studio denied it would do so.

The issue came to a penultimate moment when, in late December, the judge hearing the case announced his intention to rule that Fox did indeed still retain the copyright to Watchmen. The judge urged both parties to work together on a settlement that would give Fox its due while not impeding the release of the movie. But Fox later announced that it would indeed seek to delay that release, though WB continued at the time to insist that Fox had no claim to the movie’s rights and that it would win the case.

watchman-picThere was, as everyone figured there would eventually be, a resolution that was reached in late January. The agreement appeared to state that Fox would have no active role in the distribution or other facets of the movie’s release but would take a percentage of the box-office receipts, as well as whet its beak from derivative income from the Watchmen property. Both sides issued a joint-statement saying the other side had acted in good faith throughout the process and that things were good from here on out.

Predictably, there were some who weren’t such a fan of the in-your-face marketing techniques, with Joe Crosby saying that all the behind-the-scenes peeks were ruining the magic of movies.

One of the most basic complaints about the adaptation just in principle about the movie was that it’s just about impossible to condense the story into what would be an average movie’s running time. That led to the creation of a petition from fans urging Warner Bros. to release a three-hour plus version that would minimize what needed to be cut out of the film. While the logic of that is certainly questionable (that would also minimize the audience that would find it an acceptable entertainment option) it would also certainly play into the property’s core fan base.

Overall

watchmen-smiley-buttonThis is a notion I’ve expressed in previous campaign write-ups, but the current financial crisis has given me a new way to phrase it: This marketing campaign is too big to fail. There are too many moving parts, too many fates that are tied to its success, too many ancillaries that are dependent on this one being a success. If by some chance the fans fail to turn out the only recourse will be to look for government money to keep it afloat.

But what of the campaign itself? It’s alright, if not anything that I’m completely blown away by. The trailers are good but there are only two of them, a seemingly small number for a movie of this size. The posters are good but, until you get the theatrical versions, play a bit too heavily to the comics crowd. That’s not a problem, per se, but it’s something that limits their appeal, even to someone who lives at the outer fringes of that culture himself. The website is good, but lacks some essential elements like all the TV spots and too often takes you to a microsite, something that interrupts the experience a bit too much.

It is, though, certainly a consistently branded campaign. All the elements work together and form a cohesive whole unit, something that’s super important when dealing with a property like this. In that regard it’s awesome and a sign of a job well done by whomever at Warner Bros. was overseeing the campaign.

Other than the few minor quibbles I have and the praise I have for the branding I’m not sure what else I can say about the campaign. It’s one of those that, by the time you get to the end, just exhausts you.

That actually leads to the one worry Warner Bros. has right now, that the campaign has been so loud and so ubiquitous that the audience will be suffering from Watchmen fatigue two weeks before the movie is released. Since there was very little downtime in the campaign, especially amongst online media, that has to be a legiitmate worry, that the rush of clips and cacophony of TV spots and media stories will leave people feeling like they’re just done with the movie already. I don’t expect that to actually impact the film’s box-office performance, but it’s an idea that consideration has to be given to.

Now we’ll just have to see if the audience at large is ready for a new take on the superhero genre.

Oh, and just because it’s not in the movie:

squid

PICKING UP THE SPARE

  • 4/4/09: Coffee maker Chock Full O’ Nuts has sued both Warner Bros. and Organic Coffee Cartel over the latter’s Watchmen tie-in Nite Owl Dark Roast, saying the can it was distributed in is too close to Chock’s and therefore infringes on their trademark.
  • 6/26/09: The much-ballyhooed Director’s Cut of the film has begun to hit select theaters, featuring additional scenes and with The Black Freighter footage integrated back in to the story as it was in the comic.

Getting publicity for social media doesn’t make you “smart”

burger-king-whopper-sacrificeI read Mashable’s list of the 10 Smartest Companies in Social Media and came away from it more than a little annoyed, if not outright mad.

Most of the examples on the list of “smart” engagement with customers through social media tools are more or less fine. Yeah, Zappos and Comcast are great (if completely unscalable) instances of companies listening to consumer conversations and responding accordingly. I’ll take slight issue with the Starbucks example since it’s just a big, flashy version of what companies have been/should have been doing all along, which is listening to feedback from a customer base. It’s essentially a glorified “Tell Us What You Think” form that resulted in lots of press but which I’ve yet to hear about again, at least in terms of “here’s what’s resulted from your opinions” results.

But the one that sticks in my craw the most and which taints the rest of the list is #2, Whopper Sacrifice. You know, the one that was done via Facebook and which asked people which friends they would sacrifice for a Whopper or some such.

My problem with it is that it is not actually a social media marketing campaign, at least not in the best sense of the term. Instead it was a marketing campaign that exploited (and I’m purposely choosing that word) a social media platform. It’s an ad campaign. It’s a gimmick. And it has nothing to do with social media.

Social media marketing is about communication. It’s about conversation. It’s about interaction. It’s not about some gimmick that just happens to involve your “friends” on a social network.

Mashable confuses “campaigns that received publicity” with “campaigns that actually embodied social media and its strengths.” The Starbucks execution and a couple others are more mild examples of that but the Burger King one is the most egregious.

scott-montyOn the flipside is the example of Scott Monty of Ford, but actually not for the reasons the list states, which has something to do with a cease and desist letter. Instead Scott, who is the head of social media at the car company, is out in the social media world every day not only interacting with people and slowly changing the public opinion of Ford.

In short, he’s doing public relations.

Public relations is the utilizing of media tools in order to change opinions and perceptions by disseminating a company line, correcting mistakes and overall participating in the conversation. That used to be confined to the mainstream press but now that involves social publishing outlets as well. Scott does that every day and does it well.

Everyone else on that list pulled what amounts to a stunt. Most were successful to some extent on getting press for that stunt, but Scott is engaged in a day to day struggle to not only publicize what Ford is doing but combat incorrect information and make sure, in a very respectful and open engaging way, that misinformation is corrected.

That’s why the companies that are hiring people like Scott – people who are knowledgable, personable and just all around stellar communicators – are the smartest ones in the social media world.

Digital Delights: 2/6/09

static4Search: Jobs for search optimizing professionals grew in 2008 as more and more companies recognized the benefits of appearing on the first page of Google results for their own names as well as other industry terms. Those specialists are being sought to not only build links but also to come in at all stages of design and make sure a corporate site is optimized for search.

Social Networking: While utilizing Twitter and Facebook for brand/product promotion is a great strategy, marketers shouldn’t become too reliant on them since they are just tools. More specifically their tools that are looking for their own way to make money. Even more than that, they can potentially disappear without any consideration to the audience you’ve cultivated there. They can also turn off your account without notice if they think you’re violating their terms of service, which is just as damaging.

Controling your online identity can help reduce the risk that a criminal will hijack it on a social network, something they can do relatively easily by combining the publicly accessible information already out there about you. Simply creating your own profile on a social network, even if you don’t use it regularly, is the best defense against happening.

Facebook has joined the OpenID Foundation. While the motives for doing so remain unclear, other than a desire to build a better standard. Facebook has not said it will implement OpenID since it has its own Facebook Connect that it’s trying to position as an alternative, but its an interesting move nonetheless.

Newspapers: Unique monthly visitors to newspaper websites grew in 2008 to 67.3 million, a 12% increase from 2007. Despite that, revenue from online advertising actually fell throughout the year, largely due to the larger economic climate, but also just because more and more spending is going elsewhere. Media analyst Steven Brill thinks papers need to start (or, more accurately go back to) charging for their online content and the New York Times appears to be thinking about doing just that. Rex Hammock rightly says the audience is not to blame for the collapsing revenue at papers. Going back to a paid wall would mean pretty much all bloggers would stop linking to those papers and they’d likely see a decline in traffic – leading to an even steeper decline in ad revenue – that’s not going to be offset by the small handful of people that are going to start paying for online reading.

Advertising: Variety’s editor doesn’t think switching to an online-only model would work for the trade, largely because he doesn’t think the studios would see the same bang from their buck with online ads, which don’t have the staying power of print publications.

Hyperlocal blogs are gaining an audience and making some money, but they’re doing so through ad networks and not direct sales, largely because there isn’t a hyperlocal ad market there for them to tap into.

Social networking application maker RockYou is getting into video ads. This should surprise no one.

WPP’s GroupM is trying to get media companies to agree to new service terms that would make the data generated by the delivery of ads – including any subsequent clicking and such – the property of the advertiser. Previously the standard was that the data was the media company’s. This might not be such a big deal, but more and more publishers are trying to regain control of that data so they and not the advertiser can use it.

Community Interaction: Because Pandora had invested the time and energy in building a big base of fans of their service they were able to call on that community – which didn’t exist in a single place but was instead dispersed across the entire Internet – when it appeared government regulations were endangering its existence.

Brian Oberkirch brainstorms with others on just what the role of “community manager” is, exactly.

Social Media: Is it time for a professional organization for social media marketers? One that could set some standards and guidelines and best practices?

Yes, Steve, all media is social. But that doesn’t mean you’re not three years late in coming to a realization that a holistic media approach is needed.

A study by Razorfish and CafeMom shows that young mothers value online and mobile tools as a way to stay connected to each other, get recommendations, advice and more. Older moms also use social networks to monitor their older children’s lives. The report is meant to show marketers where they need to be placing their messaging in order to reach that audience, one that’s traditionally been eyed as the key household influencer of purchasing decisions. But that doesn’t mean they’re not going to ignore your ad and instead take the real recommendation of someone they’ve developed an online relationship with.

Online Retailing: Forward-thinking e-tailers have rethought their promotions and search functionality as well as site navigation as a whole in an effort to close the sale when someone visits their site. They’re also implementing more community features that allow shoppers to share or comment on items and other pages.

Media Relations: Todd Defren of Shift Communications shares a case study based on a successful online media outreach campaign for their client Slydial.

Likewise David Armano is sharing how a campaign by Critical Mass to get some Mercedes into the hands of moms turned out generating great online discussions.

Mobile: The goal of a new mobile campaign partnering digital media shop ID Media and ShopText is to get consumers to request samples, coupons and more product information. The structure of the campaign allows for advertisers to choose cost-per-response/lead/redemption model so they feel more comfortable experimenting.

Google’s Latitude, a mobile friend tracker, is huge and just might dominate the space, but the idea has more potential on other social networks like Facebook where your actual friends are, as opposed to the mish-mash of email contacts and others that are connected with you haphazardly through various Google products.

Google and Amazon seem to be prioritizing book avialability on mobile devices, which could signal where those companies think the real future of the market is.

Publishing: Turns out there wasn’t the huge audience for a Conservative-leaning blog network some peole thought there was. Pajamas Media has shut its doors and repurposed itself as a video network, which it has yet to sell ads against but is now looking into.

Retailing: Members of a brand or retailer’s rewards or incentives program are more likely to recommend the sponsor of the program to others. That is a sign to marketers that finding ways to utilize the “champions” within that program should be a priority since they can be activated and generate sizable ROI.

I think it’s a little off the mark to say that consumers are avoiding car buying because the brands are so tattered with fears of bankruptcy and other bad news. It’s kind of a specious conclusion to reach when it’s more likely it’s just the overall economic situation and consumer’s own pocketbooks that is causing the slide in car sales.

Movie Marketing Madness: W.

Well if you were going to release a biting satire of the current sitting President when would you do it?

If you look back at the last few years of Oliver Stone’s career you’d be hard pressed to figure out just what he’s got in mind. Since 1994′s Natural Born Killers (a movie I despise with a fiery, fiery passion – it’s the very definition of a convoluted mess) Stone has alternated between overtly commercial epics like Alexander and Any Given Sunday, seemingly liberal tracts like Commandante and the “HOORAH!” weeper World Trade Center. Somewhere in there the strongly opinionated and almost morbidly nostalgic filmmaker who put together an amazing body of work in the five years between 1986′s Salvador and 1991′s JFK (I like it, deal with it) seemed to get lost as he looked to update his image. In that time he became, to some extent, a competent director-for-hire who was willing to forego his own vision for a decent paycheck.

W. marks a sort of return to the Stone of old. Shot over about 50 days with a shoestring budget and reportedly with a loose sort of vibe, the movie aims to tell a slightly dramatized version of the life of the man who would become the 43rd President of the United States, going back to his younger days as a heavy drinker who couldn’t find success in any of his various business venture and continuing right up through his Presidency.

The Posters

The first teaser poster showed simply a large “W,” with it being presented like a dictionary entry whose definition is “the improbable President.” It follows with a handful of Bush’s most misunderstanded quotes, most of which are the same sort of thing you likely saw on Slate’s “Bushisms” online feature and eventual books.

The second poster shows the President standing in front of an American flag and below a boom mic getting his hair coiffed. The implication being that this is a very image-concsious man whose chief skill is in managing his public persona. It’s a tad more effective than the first teaser, largely because it’s a bit more subtle, but it’s really a matter of opinion.

Around the time of the Democratic National Convention, two new posters were released that show Brolin as Bush kind of in thumb-twiddling mode behind the desk of the Oval Office. The first has him with his head on the top of the desk looking like he’s just bored and doesn’t know what to do about it. The second has him gazing wistfully at the ceiling like he’s just thought of a really funny joke and is smirking to himself about just how clever he really is.

Eventually there was a whole series of these posters released with Brolin in various poses behind the desk, including one where all you see are the bottoms of his shoes. The message is clear that this is a president who just enjoys the trappings of power while not knowing exactly what to do with the power he has.     

The Trailers

The movie’s first trailer certainly not only sets up the film’s core story point but also nicely provides its own little indictment of the title character’s personality. It starts off with George H. W. Bush dressing down W. for his failure at just about everything he had been involved in to date, from the oil business to the Air National Guard. It presents a character that had little ambition, little sense of responsibility and little talent for anything but getting into trouble. It then shows this perpetual screw-up eventually sitting in the Oval Office and then introduces us to the other characters that will populate the movie, from wife Laura Bush to eventual Vice President Dick Cheney. It doesn’t tell us the names of the actors playing these roles, just the names of the real people they’re portraying, which makes their presence even more real and more than a little funny.

The second trailer that was released more clearly presents the film as a wacky comedy of relationships. Brolin’s Bush in this is constantly struggling against the weight of the expectations that have been laid on him, which he deals with by either freaking out or putting on as much bluster as possible. We get more lines from the supporting cast as well, giving us a little better look at the film as a whole. The use of the Talking Heads as the music for the spot is meant to enhance the trailer’s zoned-out and slightly surreal tone. It’s likely to excite liberals in the audience who are going to relish any portrayal of the cast of characters such as Dick Cheney going on about enhanced interrogation techniques and Bush seeming jovial and frat-boy like in response.

Online

The movie’s official website opens with a countdown to the film’s opening with various pictures of Brolin as Bush rotating in the background.

The first section, “Trailers” features both the teaser and theatrical trailers as well as an extended version of the latter and one of the TV spots created for the movie. If anything, the extended theatrical trailer works a bit better than its shorter counterpart simply because the extra running time allows the insanity to build to a bigger head before coming crashing down at the end.

“About the Film” is pretty skimpy, featuring just a single paragraph describing what the film is all about. I guess there isn’t much that needed to be said, but this would have been a good spot for something like a note from the director or a similar longer feature. Likewise “Gallery” features just about 10 stills from the film.

The “Cast” and “Crew” sections are, conversely, quite cool and full of good content. Not only do the descriptions of the actors tend to be written in a bit more of a human, conversational style than many such sections but the navigation between each individual is pretty sweet. The way they sort of expand when you mouse over them reminds me of a Mac icon dock and that led me to play around with it a bit more than I usually would have, which is a good thing.

Unfortunately we go back to the bare-bones end of the spectrum with “Downloads,” which has just six Wallpapers, all of which are variations on the series of desk-bound promotional posters.

Lionsgate setup a dedicated YouTube channel, linked to via “MashUp” on the site, for W that contained trailers, clips and other promotional materials. It also housed a trailer mash-up contest that encouraged people to create their own trailers. Unfortunately the lawyers at the studio weren’t told, apparently, and were taking down the clips citing copyright violation as soon as they were put up.

Finally there’s a “Widget” that will bring you much of the official site’s content, as well as a banner across the bottom that promotes other current and upcoming Lionsgate releases.

Advertising and Cross-Promotions

Not coincidentally, the film got a lot of publicity from – and staged a bit of marketing around – the two national conventions from the Democratic Party and then the Republicans. The studio launched a whole series of outdoor ads featuring the poster artwork of Brolin in character and behind the desk of the Oval Office looking very Bush-like in an effort to find those politically-minded movie fans.

The movie got a ton (even I saw some and I don’t watch that much TV) of television advertising support, not surprising there were better than even odds that whatever programming it was appearing in was political in nature. Most of those ads were variations on the trailers and contained much of the same footage. There was even some radio advertising done, though Rick Klau did not appear to be a big fan of those efforts.

Media and Publicity

There were plenty of clips released from both the film itself and its making in an effort to give people a glimpse at the performances, seemingly identified as the strongest aspect of the movie and so pushed to the forefront of the campaign. In this clip, which comes from CNN, we see W. meeting Laura for the first time, with mixed results.

Director Stone was also out there in full force talking up the movie and the timing of its release to the media, sometimes taking the outrageous position that the film wasn’t supposed to be all that controversial. What seemed to be oddly missing, though, was any sort of witch-hunt from the conservative media. My only assumption can be that they were too busy trying to stay positive about a certain vice-presidential pick to worry about this too much.

Overall

Looking back on the whole campaign, it comes off with the same sort of vibe as the movie itself does, one of feeling very sort of laid back and patched together and something a great deal of people never really had a serious plan for. The posters and trailers sort of arrived apropos of nothing and never seemed to be labeled as “teasers” or “theatrical” or anything like that. They were just there and apparently were meant to be taken at face value and not as part of a larger whole.

But taken as a whole it’s a pretty good campaign. While the posters and trailers are slick and funny to some extent, the website really shines for its presentation value alone. We can argue about the take on the characters all day long (and beyond) but that site lays the movie out in a very professional and compelling way and that counts for a lot. That makes me wish it were more fully fleshed-out, especially since it doesn’t feature any of the print assets, something that I think is a major oversight.

Other than that, though, I think this is a solid campaign for a movie that’s going to be largely dependent on word-of-mouth and critical recommendations in order to succeed.

Picking Up the Spare: Wanted, House of Wax and Tropic Thunder

Wanted

A pair of posters for Wanted have raised the ire of the U.K.’s Advertising Standards Authority, saying that the appearance of Angelina Jolie and lots of guns on the posters glamorized the idea of violence to young people. Universal responded by pointing out the elements on the posters did contain those things, but that doing so simply reflected the movie’s comic book roots. The regulatory group eventually conceded that the posters might be offensive to some but were unlikely to cause widespread public harm.

House of Wax

James at Podcasting News uses one of two new surveys showing the growing spread of podcasts and podcasting into the general public to rationalize why Paris Hilton was the “first celebrity podcaster.” Hilton recorded a series of increasingly non-sensical podcasts in the lead up to House of Wax way back in early 2005. 

Tropic Thunder

Rebecca at AdFreak plums the myriad levels of meta that exist in the marketing of Tropic Thunder and the recently-released documentary chronicling the making of the movie-within-a-movie Rain of Madness. 

The bigger widget picture

widget_comics.jpgIn case you’ve ever been perplexed as to why I seem to get so excited about widgets as a marketing tool, it’s because it’s one of the few (sorry, just being honest here) online marketing techniques movie studios seem to be doing well right out of the gate.

It’s also because it’s one of the few (again, just calling it like I see it) tactics where studios seem to be in line with the larger consumer goods industry. ClickZ has an excellent article up that serves as a good primer on how brands are using them as well as the challenges faced in gaining adoption.

Drop video-sharing site opposition

New numbers from Pew Internet and American Life Project show that 48 percent of online users visited a video-sharing site in 2007, up from just 33 percent in 2006. That sort of adoption means we’re well beyond early adopters and are into the mainstream. People have figured out how to watch videos, how to add them to their Facebook profiles, how to put them on their own blogs or simply how to email a link to a friend who might also enjoy that video.

Now to be sure not all of these visitors are going to YouTube. Some are going to FunnyorDie. Some are going to Blip.tv. Some are going to PodTech. Some are going to Break. Some are going to Revver. Some are going to Viddler. I could go on and on, but you get the idea: There are a lot of video sharing sites out there.

Studios and TV networks often decide where and when to upload videos to sharing sites based, seemingly, on one or both of two factors. Either it’s because the site is owned by the same corporate parent as the studio or it’s because the video is deemed to be “important” enough for distribution online. Both of these reasons only serve to limit the reach of the videos and so need to be discarded in favor or these two overriding mindsets:

  1. Go all in: If you have video, get it out there. It doesn’t matter if it’s a trailer, a TV spot, a promotional video, a behind-the-scenes interview or anything else. The rule of the Long Tail is fully in effect here. There will be an audience for it if it’s made available. It might be a small audience, but often that small audience is made up of people who are passionately engaged and who are going to think that video, if I might sound like a YouTube commenter here for a moment, rocks. Showing that you, as a corporate entity, are committed to making a wide variety of material available online also establishes you as an important resource for the audience, creating some of that elusive positive brand association so many brand managers are always chasing after.
  2. Go all out: Don’t let the fact that you have a video-sharing site as a corporate sibling influence your uploading strategy. If that site, for instance, only enjoys a market share of 13 percent, the reach of your video is going to be a subset of that subset. Here’s a number you should remember instead: 100%. That’s how many people who use video sharing sites have visited a video sharing site. With the sheer number that are out there it makes sense to put videos on as many sites as possible so that wherever people are – something they determine and not you – they can find your content. And don’t let the notion of uploading the same video multiple times discourage you. There are sites like TubeMogul that allow you to upload the same video to multiple sites simultaneously so it doesn’t add unnecessarily to your workload.

Look at what CBS and, to some extent, other networks have done. CBS realized it was getting little to no traction on CBS.com with its streaming primetime shows. So it cut deals with Joost, Brightcove, AOL and other online outlets to distribute its programming, an admission that it’s more important that people see the content at all then that CBS.com get pageviews. Considering CBS’ livelihood depends on building viewership of shows the strategy makes sense. Demanding they visit the homepage would have continued a slide into irrelevancy.

Studios need to think the same way when it comes to distributing their trailers and other promotional videos (we’ll address actually movie distribution later) or they risk that same fate. So many choices await the online audience that they’re able to build their own media experience from a multitude of options. If you haven’t made yourself part of as many of those options as possible your message won’t just be ignored by the audience, it will never have reached them in the first place.